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Total comprehensive income (loss)

^[1]

11,964

(3,414)

$ 45,219

$ (11,646)

[1]	Tax impact was nominal for all periods.

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References + Details

Marketable Securities - Maturity Schedule (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value
Interest income from cash equivalents and marketable securities	$ 480	$ 18
Debt Securities
Amortized Cost
Due in less than one year	0	0
Fair Value
Due in less than one year	$ 0	$ 0

Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Intangible Asset Remaining Useful Life (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Subscriber relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life in Years	3 years 5 months 15 days
Distribution rights
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life in Years	8 years 3 months 18 days

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies


(a)	Description of Business

KVH Industries, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the Company or KVH) designs, develops, manufactures and markets mobile connectivity products and services for the marine and land markets, and inertial navigation products for both the commercial and defense markets. KVH's reporting segments are as follows:


•	the mobile connectivity segment and


•	the inertial navigation segment

KVH’s mobile connectivity products enable customers to receive voice and Internet services, and live digital television via satellite services in marine vessels, recreational vehicles, buses and automobiles. KVH sells and leases its mobile connectivity products through an extensive international network of dealers and distributors. KVH also sells and leases products directly to end users.

KVH’s mobile connectivity service sales represent primarily sales earned from satellite voice and Internet airtime services. KVH provides, for monthly fixed and usage fees, satellite connectivity services, including broadband Internet, data and VoIP services, to its TracPhone V-series customers. AgilePlans, a mini-VSAT Broadband service offering, is a monthly subscription model providing global connectivity to commercial maritime customers, including hardware, installation, broadband Internet, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), entertainment and training content and global support for a monthly fee with no minimum commitment. KVH offers AgilePlans customers a variety of airtime data plans with varying data speeds and fixed data usage levels with overage charges per megabyte, which is similar to the plans that the Company offers to its other customers. The Company recognizes the monthly subscription fee as service revenue over the service delivery period. The Company retains ownership of the hardware that it provides to AgilePlans customers, who must return the hardware to KVH if they decide to terminate the service. Because KVH does not sell the hardware under AgilePlans, the Company does not recognize any product revenue when the hardware is deployed to an AgilePlans customer. KVH records the cost of the hardware used by AgilePlans customers as revenue-generating assets and depreciates the cost over an estimated useful life of five years. Since the Company is retaining ownership of the hardware, it does not accrue any warranty costs for AgilePlans hardware; however, any maintenance costs on the hardware is expensed in the period these costs are incurred.

Mobile connectivity service sales also include the distribution of commercially licensed entertainment, including news, sports, music, and movies to commercial and leisure customers in the maritime, hotel, and retail markets through KVH Media Group. KVH also earns monthly usage fees from third-party satellite connectivity services, including voice, data and Internet services, provided to its Inmarsat and Iridium customers who choose to activate their subscriptions with KVH. Mobile connectivity service sales also include engineering services provided under development contracts, sales from product repairs, and extended warranty sales.

On May 13, 2019, the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, KVH Media Group Limited (KMG), entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the Purchase Agreement) with Pelican Holdco Limited, an affiliate of Oakley Capital IV Master SCSp, a UK company (together, Oakley), pursuant to which KMG sold all of the issued share capital of Super Dragon Limited and Videotel Marine Asia Limited (together referred to as Videotel) to Oakley for $89,387 in cash, on a cash-free, debt-free basis, subject to a working capital adjustment. Videotel comprised the Company’s maritime training business, which offered video, animation, eLearning computer-based training and interactive distance learning services to the maritime industry. The sale was completed immediately upon execution of definitive agreements. The Company received payment of the initial purchase price pursuant to a loan agreement (the Bridge Loan) on June 21, 2019. The Bridge Loan was secured by a charge (a type of foreign security interest) over the shares of Super Dragon Limited and Videotel Marine Asia Limited and was further backed by an equity commitment letter from Oakley Capital IV Master SCSp. The Bridge Loan’s interest rate was 5% per year during the period from closing until and including the 15^th business day after the closing and increased to 12% per year during the period after the 15^th business day until the maturity date. In December 2019, we finalized the working capital adjustment which reduced the proceeds from the sale of Videotel to $88,447. The Company does not have any continuing involvement in these operations other than to provide short-term transition services, which are being recorded in other income in continuing operations. The Company determined that the sale met the requirements for reporting as discontinued operations in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 205-20. Please see Note 18 for the discontinued operations disclosures.

KVH's inertial navigation products offer precision fiber optic gyro (FOG)-based systems that enable platform and optical stabilization, navigation, pointing and guidance. KVH’s inertial navigation products also include tactical navigation systems that provide uninterrupted access to navigation and pointing information in a variety of military vehicles, including tactical trucks and light armored vehicles. KVH’s inertial navigation products are sold directly to U.S. and foreign governments and government contractors, as well as through an international network of authorized independent sales representatives. In addition, KVH's inertial navigation technology is used in numerous commercial products, such as navigation and positioning systems for various applications including precision mapping, dynamic surveying, autonomous vehicles, train location control and track geometry measurement systems, industrial robotics and optical stabilization.

KVH’s inertial navigation service sales include product repairs, engineering services provided under development contracts and extended warranty sales.


(b)	Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of KVH Industries, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. All of the operating expenses of the subsidiaries that serve as the Company’s European, Singaporean, Japanese, and Brazilian international distributors are reflected within sales, marketing, and support within the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.


(c)	Significant Estimates and Assumptions and Other Significant Non-Recurring Transactions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting periods. The 2019 consolidated financial statements reflect the sale of Videotel as a discontinued operation. See Note 18. On an on-going basis, the Company evaluates its significant estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, valuation of accounts receivable, value of inventory, expected future cash flows including growth rates, discount rates, terminal values and other assumptions and estimates used to evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets and goodwill, estimated fair values of long-lived assets, including goodwill, amortization methods and periods, certain accrued expenses and other related charges, stock-based compensation, contingent liabilities, forfeitures and key valuation assumptions for its share-based awards, estimated fulfillment costs for warranty obligations, tax reserves and recoverability of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance. There have been no material changes to the Company's significant accounting policies since January 1, 2018, except for (1) ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which the Company adopted effective January 1, 2018 (see Notes 1(e) and 11 for further discussion), and (2) ASC 842, Leases, which the Company adopted effective January 1, 2019 (see Notes 1(f) and 17 for further discussion).

On February 27, 2018, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement with SKY Perfect JSAT Corporation, or SJC, pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell 377 shares of treasury stock to SJC for a purchase price of $11.95 per share, or an aggregate of $4,500, in a private placement. The transaction closed on February 28, 2018.

During the first quarter of 2018, the Company entered into a five-year finance lease for three satellite hubs for the HTS network. Please see Note 17 for further discussion.

During the second quarter of 2019, the Company sold Videotel. Please see Notes 18 for further discussion.

During the third quarter of 2019, the Company identified an out-of-period immaterial error related to the implementation and application of ASC 606 with respect to the recognition of revenue associated with sales-type leases. Please see Note 11 for further discussion.


(d)	Concentration of Credit Risk and Single Source Suppliers

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. The Company is potentially subject to financial instrument concentration of credit risk through its cash, cash equivalent and marketable securities investments. To mitigate these risks the Company maintains cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities with reputable and nationally recognized financial institutions. As of December 31, 2019, $29,907 classified as marketable securities was held by Wells Fargo and substantially all of the cash and cash equivalents were held by Bank of America, N.A. See Note 2 for a description of marketable securities.

Trade accounts receivable. Concentrations of risk (see Note 11) with respect to trade accounts receivable are generally limited due to the large number of customers and their dispersion across several geographic areas. Although the Company does not foresee that credit risk associated with these receivables will deviate from historical experience, repayment is dependent upon the financial stability of those individual customers. The Company establishes allowances for potential bad debts and evaluates, on a monthly basis, the adequacy of those reserves based upon historical experience and its expectations for future collectability concerns. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of the financial condition of its customers and generally does not require collateral. Activity within the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts for the periods presented is as follows:



	2019			2018
Beginning balance	$	2,390		$	2,334
(Subtractions) additions	(189		)	375
Deductions (write-offs/recoveries) from reserve	(612		)	(319		)
Ending balance	$	1,589		$	2,390

Revenue and operations. Certain components from third parties used in the Company’s products are procured from single sources of supply. The failure of a supplier, including a subcontractor, to deliver on schedule could delay or interrupt the Company’s delivery of products and thereby materially adversely affect the Company’s revenues and operating results.


(e)	Revenue Recognition

The Company adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method for all contracts not completed as of the date of adoption. The adoption of ASC 606 represents a change in accounting principle that was intended to more closely align revenue recognition with the delivery of the Company's products and services and to provide enhanced disclosures. In accordance with ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised products and services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these products and services. To achieve this core principle, the Company applies the following five steps:

1) Identify the contract with a customer

A contract with a customer exists when (i) the Company enters into an enforceable contract with a customer that defines each party’s rights regarding the products and services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to these products and services, (ii) the contract has commercial substance, and (iii) the Company determines that collection of substantially all consideration for products and services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. The Company applies judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intention to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer’s historical payment pattern or, in the case of a new customer, published credit and financial information pertaining to the customer.

2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract

Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the products and services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the product or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from third parties or from the Company, and are distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the product or service is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. To the extent a contract includes multiple promised products and services, the Company must apply judgment to determine whether promised products and services are capable of being distinct and distinct in the context of the contract. If these criteria are not met, the promised products and services are accounted for as a combined performance obligation.

3) Determine the transaction price

The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company will be entitled in exchange for transferring products and services to the customer. To the extent the transaction price includes variable consideration, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing either the expected value method or the most likely amount method, depending on the nature of the variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in the Company’s judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur.

4) Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract

If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. However, if a series of distinct products or services that are substantially the same qualify as a single performance obligation in a contract with variable consideration, the Company must determine if the variable consideration is attributable to the entire contract or to a specific part of the contract. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price basis unless the transaction price is variable and meets the criteria to be allocated entirely to a performance obligation or to a distinct product or service that forms part of a single performance obligation. The Company determines standalone selling price based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the standalone selling price is not observable through past transactions, the Company estimates the standalone selling price taking into account available information such as market conditions and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations.

5) Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies a performance obligation

The Company satisfies performance obligations either over time or at a point in time. Revenue is recognized at the time the related performance obligation is satisfied by transferring a promised product or service to a customer.

Product sales

Revenue from product sales is recognized when control of the goods is transferred to the customer, which generally occurs at the Company’s plant or warehouse upon delivery to the carrier for shipment. Revenue related to shipping and handling is recognized when the products are shipped and the associated costs are accrued for based on the Company’s election to account for shipping and handling activities as a fulfillment of the promise to transfer the products and not as a combined promise. For certain inertial navigation product sales, customer acceptance or inspection may be required before control of the goods is transferred to the customer. For those sales, revenue is recognized after notification of customer acceptance and the goods have been delivered to the carrier for shipment. In certain circumstances customers may request a bill-and-hold arrangement. Under these bill-and-hold arrangements, revenue is recognized when the Company has fulfilled all of its performance obligations, the Company has received notification of customer acceptance of the goods, the units are segregated for the specific customer only, and the goods are ready for physical transfer to the customer in accordance with their defined contract delivery schedule.

The Company’s standard payment terms are generally Net 30. Under certain limited conditions, the Company, at its sole discretion, provides for the return of goods. No product is accepted for return and no credit is allowed on any returned product unless the Company has granted and confirmed prior written permission by means of appropriate authorization. The Company establishes reserves for potential sales returns, credits, and allowances, and evaluates, on a monthly basis, the adequacy of those reserves based upon historical experience and expectations for the future.

Contracts with multiple performance obligations

The Company sells products and services through arrangements that in certain instances bundle VSAT equipment, satellite connectivity and other services. For these arrangements, the Company has determined that the performance obligations are not distinct in the context of the contracts with certain customers. The Company will recognize product revenue under these arrangements over the estimated satellite connectivity customer life, which is estimated to be five years based on historical evidence.

Satellite connectivity and media content service sales

Directly sold and re-sold satellite connectivity service for voice, data and Internet is recognized monthly based upon minutes or megabytes of traffic processed or contracted fixed-fee schedules. Typically, subscribers enter into a one-year minimum service agreement. The Company has evaluated whether it obtains control of the services that are being transferred to the customer in assessing gross revenue reporting as principal verse net revenue reporting as agent for its satellite connectivity service sales and its payments to the applicable service providers. Based on the Company's assessment of the indicators, the Company has determined that gross revenue reporting as a principal is appropriate. The applicable indicators of gross revenue reporting included, but were not limited to, the following:

•

The Company is the primary obligor in its arrangements with its subscribers. The Company manages all interactions with the subscribers, while satellite connectivity service providers do not interact with the subscribers. In addition, the Company assumes the entire performance risk under its arrangements with the subscribers and in the event of a performance issue, the Company may incur reductions in fees without regard for any recourse that the Company may have with the applicable satellite connective service providers.


•	The Company has discretion in establishing pricing, as the pricing under its arrangements with the subscribers is negotiated through a contracting process. The Company then separately negotiates the fees with the applicable satellite service providers.


•	The Company has complete discretion in determining which satellite service providers it will contract with.

As a result, the Company has determined that it earns revenue (as a principal) from the delivery of satellite connectivity services to its subscribers and records all satellite connectivity service sales to subscribers as gross sales. All associated regulatory service fees and costs are recorded net in the consolidated financial statements.

The Company sells prepaid airtime services in the form of prepaid cards. A liability is established upon purchase equal to the cash paid for the prepaid card. The Company recognizes revenue from the prepaid services upon the use of the prepaid card by the customer. The Company does not offer refunds for unused prepaid services. Prepaid airtime services have not been a significant portion of the Company’s total sales.

Media content sales include the Company's distribution of commercially licensed news, sports, movies and music content for commercial and leisure customers in the maritime, hotel, and retail markets. The Company typically recognizes revenue from media content sales ratably over the period of the service contract.

The accounting estimates related to the recognition of satellite connectivity and media content service sales require the Company to make assumptions about future billing adjustments for disputes with subscribers as well as unauthorized usage. The Company recognizes the monthly subscription fee as service revenue over the service delivery period. Under AgilePlans, the Company retains ownership of the hardware that it provides to these customers, who must return the hardware to KVH if they decide to terminate the service. Because KVH does not sell the hardware under AgilePlans, the Company does not recognize any product revenue when the hardware is deployed to an AgilePlans customer.

Inertial navigation service sales

The Company engages in contracts for development, production, and services activities related to standard product modification or enhancement. The Company considers the nature of these contracts and the types of products and services provided when determining the proper accounting for a particular contract. Customer and government-agency contracted engineering service and sales under development contracts are recognized primarily during the periods in which the Company performs the service or development efforts in accordance with the agreement. Services performed under these types of contracts include engineering studies, surveys, building construction, prototype development, and program management. Performance is determined principally by comparing the accumulated labor hours incurred to date with management’s estimate of the total labor hours to complete the contracted work. Incurred labor hours represent work performed, which corresponds with and best depicts the transfer of control to the customer. This continuous transfer of control to the customer is supported by clauses in the contract that allow the customer to unilaterally terminate the contract for convenience, pay the Company for costs incurred plus a reasonable profit and take control of any work in process. The Company establishes billing terms at the time project deliverables and milestones are agreed. Unbilled revenue recognized in excess of the amounts invoiced to clients are classified within the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as “accounts receivable” as the Company's right to consideration is unconditional.

Product service sales

Product service sales other than under development contracts are recognized when completed services are delivered to the customer. The Company also sells extended warranty contracts on mobile connectivity and inertial navigation products. Sales under these contracts are recognized ratably over the contract term. Product service sales including extended warranties are not a significant portion of the Company’s total sales.


(f)	Leases

The Company adopted ASC 842 on January 1, 2019. ASC 842 requires the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities for leases classified as operating leases. The original guidance required application of ASC 842 on a modified retrospective basis with the earliest period presented. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Targeted Improvements to ASC 842, which included an option to not restate comparative periods in transition and elect to use the effective date as the date of initial application of transition. The Company elected not to restate comparative periods and, accordingly, the financial results reported for periods prior to January 1, 2019 have not been restated. The new lease accounting standard did not have an impact on the amounts reported in the consolidated statement of operations but resulted in the recording of $10,469 of new right of use (ROU) assets and additional liabilities for operating leases on the consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. In ASC 842, a lease is defined as follows: “[a] contract is or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant, or equipment (an identified asset) for a period of time in exchange for consideration.”

Upon adoption, the Company recognized all leases greater than one year in duration on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. The Company made certain assumptions and judgments when applying ASC 842. The Company elected practical expedients available for the transition, such as whether expired or existing contracts contain leases under the new definition of a lease, lease classification for expired or existing leases, and whether previously capitalized initial direct costs would qualify for capitalization under ASC 842. For all asset classes, the Company elected to not separate non-lease components from lease components to which they relate and have accounted for the combined lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.

Many of our lease agreements contain renewal options which are recognized if it is determined that the Company is reasonably certain to renew the lease at inception or when a triggering event occurs. Some of our lease agreements contain rent escalation clauses, rent holidays, capital improvement funding or other lease concessions. The Company recognizes the minimum rental expense on a straight-line basis based on the fixed components of a lease arrangement and amortize such expense over the term of the lease beginning with the commencement date. Variable lease components that are not fixed at the beginning of the lease are recognized as incurred.

Under certain third-party service agreements, the Company controls a specific space or underlying asset used in providing the service by the third-party service provider. These arrangements meet the definition under ASC 842 and therefore are accounted for under ASC 842. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term and include options to extend or terminate the lease when reasonably certain to be exercised. The present value of lease payments is determined using the incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date.


(g)	Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments, which include cash equivalents, investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of these instruments. See Note 2 for more information on the fair value of the Company’s marketable securities. The carrying amount of the Company’s debt, line of credit, and capital lease approximates fair value based on currently available quoted rates of similarly structured debt facilities. See Note 5 for more information on the fair value of the Company’s debt and line of credit and Note 17 for the Company's finance lease.


(h)	Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities

In accordance with the Company’s investment policy, cash in excess of operational needs is invested in money market mutual funds, government agency bonds, United States treasuries, municipal bonds, corporate notes, and certificates of deposit. All highly liquid investments with a maturity date of three months or less at the date of purchase are classified as cash equivalents. The Company determines the appropriate classification of marketable securities at each balance sheet date. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, all of the Company’s marketable securities have been designated as available-for-sale and are carried at their fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

The Company reviews investments in debt securities for other than temporary impairment whenever the fair value of an investment is less than amortized cost and evidence indicates that an investment’s carrying amount is not recoverable within a reasonable period of time. To determine whether an impairment is other-than-temporary, the Company considers whether it intends to sell the security, whether it expects to recover the credit loss, and if it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security prior to recovery. Evidence considered in this assessment includes the reasons for the impairment, compliance with the Company’s investment policy, the severity and duration of the impairment, changes in value subsequent to year-end and forecasted performance of the investee. The Company has reviewed its securities with unrealized losses as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 and has concluded that no other-than-temporary impairments exist.


(i)	Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value using the first-in first-out costing method. The Company adjusts the carrying value of its inventory based on the consideration of excess and obsolete components based on future estimate demand. The Company records inventory charges to costs of product sales.


(j)	Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are computed on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. The principal lives used in determining the depreciation rates of various assets are: buildings and improvements, 5-40 years; leasehold improvements, shorter of original lease term or useful life; machinery, satellite hubs and equipment, 4-10 years; office and computer equipment, 3-7 years; and motor vehicles, 5 years.


(k)	Goodwill, Intangible Assets and other Long-Lived Assets

The Company’s goodwill and intangible assets are associated with the purchase of Virtek Communication (now known as KVH Industries Norway AS) in September 2010 and Headland Media Limited (now known as the KVH Media Group) in May 2013.

ASC Topic 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (ASC 350) requires the completion of a goodwill impairment test at least annually. The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test for 2019 as of October 1, 2019. For this test, the Company performed a qualitative assessment of goodwill impairment (Step 0) and concluded that it was more-likely-than-not that its reporting units' fair values exceeded their respective carrying values. Accordingly, it was not necessary for the Company to perform the full Step 1 quantitative analysis.

Intangible assets with estimated lives and other long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of intangible assets with estimated lives and other long-lived assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset or asset group to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or asset group. If these comparisons indicate that an asset is not recoverable, the Company will recognize an impairment loss for the amount by which the carrying value of the asset or asset group exceeds the related estimated fair value. Estimated fair value is based on either discounted future operating cash flows or appraised values, depending on the nature of the asset. During 2019, there were no events or changes in circumstances that indicated any of the carrying amounts of the Company’s intangible assets or other long-lived assets may not be recoverable. See Note 9 for further discussion of goodwill and intangible assets.


(l)	Other Non-Current Assets

Other non-current assets are primarily comprised of long-term lease receivables, prepaid expenses, and deposits.


(m)	Product Warranty

The Company’s products carry standard limited warranties that range from one to two years and vary by product. The warranty period begins on the date of retail purchase or lease by the original purchaser. The Company accrues estimated product warranty costs at the time of sale and any additional amounts are recorded when such costs are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of units sold or leased, historical and anticipated rates of warranty repairs and the cost per repair. Warranty and related costs are reflected within sales, marketing and support in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had accrued product warranty costs of $2,194 and $1,916, respectively. The following table summarizes product warranty activity during 2019 and 2018:



	2019			2018
Beginning balance	$	1,916		$	2,074
Charges to expense	2,186			2,060
Costs incurred	(1,908		)	(2,218		)
Ending balance	$	2,194		$	1,916


(n)	Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred and included in cost of sales. Billings for shipping and handling are reflected within net sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.


(o)	Research and Development

Expenditures for research and development, including customer-funded research and development, are expensed as incurred. Revenue and related development costs from customer-funded research and development are as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Customer-funded service sales	$	5,816	$	4,563
Customer-funded costs included in costs of service sales	4,373		3,087


(p)	Advertising Costs

Costs related to advertising are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense was $2,290 and $1,818 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and is included in sales, marketing, and support expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.


(q)	Foreign Currency Translation

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries located in Denmark and Singapore are maintained using the United States dollar as the functional currency. Exchange rates in effect on the date of the transaction are used to record monetary assets and liabilities. Revenue and other expense elements are recorded at rates that approximate the rates in effect on the transaction dates. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses are recognized within “Other income, net” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded a total of net foreign currency exchange losses (gains) in its accompanying consolidated statements of operations of $181 and $(552), respectively, which is comprised of both realized and unrealized foreign currency exchange gains and losses.

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries located in the United Kingdom, Brazil, Norway, Cyprus, Belgium, the Netherlands and Japan use the foreign subsidiaries’ respective local currencies as the functional currency. The Company translates the assets and liabilities of these foreign subsidiaries at the exchange rates in effect at year-end. Net sales, costs and expenses are translated using average exchange rates in effect during the year. Gains and losses from foreign currency translation are credited or charged to accumulated other comprehensive loss included in stockholders' equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.


(r)	Income Taxes

The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. and in numerous foreign jurisdictions. The Company accounts for income taxes following ASC Topic 740, Accounting for Income Taxes.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company determines whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination. If it is not more likely than not that a position will be sustained, no amount of the benefit attributable to the position is recognized. The tax benefit to be recognized of any tax position that meets the more likely than not recognition threshold is calculated as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon resolution of the contingency.

The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company recognizes interest and penalties within the income tax expense line in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability line in the consolidated balance sheets. See Note 8 for further discussion of income taxes.


(s)	Net Loss per Common Share

Basic net loss per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share incorporates the dilutive effect of common stock equivalent options, warrants and other convertible securities, if any, as determined in accordance with the treasury stock accounting method. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 since there was a net loss from continuing operations, the Company excluded all 1,209 and 808 shares, respectively, in outstanding stock options and non-vested restricted shares from its diluted loss per share calculation, as inclusion of these securities would have reduced the net loss per share.

A reconciliation of the basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding is as follows:



	2019	2018
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic	17,459	17,072
Dilutive common shares issuable in connection with stock plans	—	—
Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted	17,459	17,072


(t)	Contingent Liabilities

The Company estimates the amount of potential exposure it may have with respect to claims, assessments and litigation in accordance with ASC 450, Contingencies. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company was not party to any lawsuit or proceeding that, in management's opinion, was likely to materially harm the Company's business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows, as described in Note 16. It is not always possible to predict the outcome of litigation, as it is subject to many uncertainties. Additionally, it is not always possible for management to make meaningful estimates of the potential loss or range of loss associated with such litigation.


(u)	Operating Segments

The Company operates in two segments, the mobile connectivity and inertial navigation segments. Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board.


(v)	Recently Issued Accounting Standards

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, or other standard setting bodies. Recently issued standards typically do not require adoption until a future effective date. Prior to their effective date, the Company evaluates the pronouncements to determine the potential effects of adoption on our consolidated financial statements.

Standards Implemented

ASC Updates No. 2016-02, 2018-10, 2018-11, and 2018-20

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). It is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Earlier application is permitted. Update No. 2016-02 creates new accounting and reporting guidelines for leasing arrangements. The new guidance requires organizations that lease assets to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet related to the rights and obligations created by those leases, regardless of whether they are classified as finance or operating leases. Consistent with current guidance, the recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease primarily will depend on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The guidance also requires new disclosures to help financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases.

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases. Update No. 2018-10 made corrections to and further clarified Topic 842.

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2018-11, Leases-Targeted Improvements (Topic 842). Update No. 2018-11 allows companies to use the effective date of the new lease standard as the date of initial application on transition and not to apply the new lease standard in the comparative prior periods included in their financial statements in the year of adoption. The new guidance also gives entities the option not to separate non-lease components from the associated lease components when certain criteria are met.

In December 2018, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2018-20, Leases (Topic 842): Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors. The amendments in this update affect the guidance in Update No. 2016-02, but can be early adopted. The Update No. 2018-20 amends the guidance in ASC 842 by allowing lessors to elect to account for sales and other similar taxes collected from lessees as lessee costs and to exclude them from the consideration in the contract and from variable payments not included in the consideration in the contract. Also, the lessors should exclude from variable payments, and therefore from revenue, all costs paid by lessees directly to third parties. Finally, lessors should allocate certain variable payments to lease and non-lease components when the facts and circumstances that trigger the variable payments occur.

ASC Update No. 2017-12

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. The update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The purpose of Update No. 2017-12 is to improve the presentation and disclosure requirements for, and simplify the application and increase transparency of, hedge accounting. The adoption of Update No. 2017-12 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

ASC Update No. 2018-07

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The update is effective for annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The purpose of Update No. 2018-07 is to expand the scope of the employee share-based payments guidance to include share-based payments issued to nonemployees. The adoption of Update No. 2018-07 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

Standards to be Implemented

ASC Update No. 2016-13, ASC Update No. 2018-19, ASC Update No. 2019-04, ASC Update No. 2019-05, ASC Update No. 2019-10 and ASC Update No. 2019-11

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The purpose of Update No. 2016-13 is to replace the incurred loss impairment methodology for financial assets measured at amortized cost with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information, including forecasted information, to develop credit loss estimates.

In November 2018, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. This update introduced an expected credit loss methodology for the impairment of financial assets measured at amortized cost. The amendment also clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Subtopic 326-20. Instead, impairment of receivables arising from operating leases should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842, Leases.

In May 2019, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial

Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments. This update introduced clarifications of the Board’s intent with respect to accrued interest, the transfer between classifications or categories for loans and debt securities, recoveries, reinsurance recoverables, projects of interest rate environments for variable-rate financial instruments, costs to sell when foreclosure is probable, consideration of expected prepayments when determining the effective interest rate, vintage disclosures, and extension and renewal options.

In May 2019, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2019-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326). The amendments in the update ease the transition for entities adopting ASC Update 2016-13 and increase the comparability of financial statement information. With the exception of held-to-maturity debt securities, the amendments allow entities to irrevocably elect to apply the fair value option to financial instruments that were previously recorded at amortized cost basis within the scope of Subtopic 326-20, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses—Measured at Amortized Cost.

In November 2019, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2019-10, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842). The amendments in this update change some effective dates for certain new accounting standards for certain types of entities. The update amends ASC 326 and ASC 350's effective date for all SEC filers other than smaller reporting companies to be the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods therein. The effective date for all other entities, including smaller reporting companies, will be the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and interim periods therein. The update does not change the effective date of ASC 815 and ASC 842 for public business entities (PBEs), but amends the effective date for all other entities to be the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021.

In November 2019, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2019-11, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. The update is effective for entities that have adopted ASU 2016-13, and the amendments in ASU 2019-11 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period after issuance of this update as long as an entity has adopted the amendments in Update 2016-13. The purpose of Update No. 2019-11 is to clarify the scope of the recovery guidance to purchased financial assets with credit deterioration.

As a current smaller reporting entity, the effective date will be the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The adoption of Update Nos. 2016-13, 2018-19, 2019-04, 2019-05, 2019-10 and 2019-11 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

ASC Update No. 2018-13

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The update is effective for annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted upon issuance of this update. The purpose of Update No. 2018-13 is to modify and eliminate some of the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements found in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, for both public and nonpublic entities. Through the inclusion of this update, FASB aims to facilitate a clear communication of the information required by GAAP that is most important to users of each entity's financial statements, thus helping to improve the effectiveness of disclosures in the notes to financial statements. Update No. 2018-13 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

ASC Update No. 2018-15

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2018-15, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Topic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract. The update is effective for annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2019. Early adoption of the amendments in this update is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, for all entities. The purpose of Update No. 2018-15 is to provide a new guideline to the accounting of a customer of a cloud computing arrangement hosted by a vendor when the customer incurs costs associated with the implementation, set-up, and other upfront costs. Specifically, customers will follow the same criteria found in an arrangement with a software license when they capitalize the implementation costs. The new guidance also affects the classification of the capitalized implementation costs and related amortization expense found in a company's balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement, and the update also requires additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures. Update No. 2018-15 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

ASC Update No. 2018-18

In November 2018, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2018-18, Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808): Clarifying the Interaction between Topic 808 and Topic 606. This update is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and the interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, for public business entities for periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The purpose of Update No. 2018-18 is to help make clarifications on the interactions between Topic 808, Collaborative Arrangement, and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Update No. 2018-18 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

ASC Update No. 2019-08

In November 2019, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2019-08, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). For entities that have adopted the amendments in Update 2018-07, the amendments in this update are effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but not before the amendments in Update 2018-07 are adopted. The purpose of Update No. 2019-08 is to clarify the accounting for share-based payments issued as consideration payable to a customer in accordance with ASC 606, and entities apply the guidance in ASC 718 to measure and classify share-based payments issued to a customer that are not in exchange for a distinct good or service. Update No. 2019-08 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

ASC Update No. 2019-12

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740). The update is effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, for public business entities for periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The purpose of Update No. 2019-12 is to remove certain exceptions for recognizing deferred taxes for investments and simplify the accounting for income taxes in certain areas, including recognizing deferred taxes for tax goodwill and allocating taxes to members of a consolidated group. It amends the requirements relating to the accounting for "hybrid" tax regimes. Update No. 2019-12 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

There are no other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB that the Company expects would have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

Income Taxes - Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Deferred tax assets:
Accounts receivable, due to allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 373	$ 577
Inventories	776	718
Operating loss carry-forwards	1,343	3,064
Stock-based compensation expense	807	762
Property and equipment, due to difference in depreciation	47	53
Research and development, alternative minimum tax credit carry-forwards	5,243	4,716
Foreign tax credit carry-forwards	2,345	2,360
State tax credit carry-forwards	3,146	2,977
Capitalized research and development	3,263	3,130
Warranty reserve	523	454
Accrued expenses	845	556
Deferred Tax Asset, Right-of-Use Assets	1,378
Gross deferred tax assets	20,089	19,367
Less valuation allowance	(18,452)	(18,144)
Total deferred tax assets	1,637	1,223
Deferred tax liabilities:
Purchased intangible assets	(844)	(951)
Property and equipment, due to differences in depreciation	(132)	(994)
Deferred Lease Liability, Lease Liability	(1,378)
Other	0	(18)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(2,354)	(1,963)
Net deferred tax liability	(717)	(740)
Non-current deferred income tax asset	45	226
Non-current deferred income tax liability	$ (762)	$ (966)

Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 157,893	$ 153,029
Product
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	61,925	63,277
Product \| Mobile Connectivity \| Transferred at point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	26,419	26,086
Product \| Mobile Connectivity \| Transferred over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	5,204	5,265
Product \| Intertial Navigation
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	30,302	31,926
Service
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	95,968	89,752
Service \| Mobile Connectivity
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	90,392	84,575
Service \| Intertial Navigation
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 5,576	$ 5,177

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Research and Development (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Research and Development
Customer-funded service sales	$ 5,816	$ 4,563
Customer-funded costs included in costs of service sales	$ 4,373	$ 3,087

Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 attributable to loss from operations is presented below.



	Current			Deferred			Total
Year ended December 31, 2019
Federal	$	(196	)	$	(4,741	)	$	(4,937	)
State	(28		)	(29		)	(57		)
Foreign	1,143			(152		)	991
	$	919		$	(4,922	)	$	(4,003	)
Year ended December 31, 2018
Federal	$	(3	)	$	(12	)	$	(15	)
State	(59		)	(4		)	(63		)
Foreign	596			(172		)	424
	$	534		$	(188	)	$	346



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Income tax benefit at Federal statutory income tax rate	$	(4,203	)	$	(2,314	)
(Decrease) increase in income taxes resulting from:
State income tax (benefit) expense, net of federal benefit	(610		)	172
State research and development, investment credits	71			(397		)
Non-deductible meals & entertainment	36			26
Non-deductible stock compensation expense	18			6
GILTI	—			577
Nontaxable interest income	—			2
Foreign tax rate differential	(4		)	(22		)
Federal research and development credits	(490		)	(378		)
Uncertain tax positions	(110		)	53
Provision to tax return adjustments	21			513
Change in tax rates	—			(3		)
Change in valuation allowance	934			2,127
Foreign research and development incentives	—			(5		)
Loss on legal entity dissolution	244			—
Other	90			(11		)
Income tax (benefit) expense	$	(4,003	)	$	346

Loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense determined by tax jurisdiction, are as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
United States	$	(22,452	)	$	(12,828	)
Foreign	2,440			1,730
Total	$	(20,012	)	$	(11,098	)

Deferred tax assets and liabilities for the periods presented consisted of the following:



	December 31,
	2019			2018
Deferred tax assets:
Accounts receivable, due to allowance for doubtful accounts	$	373		$	577
Inventories	776			718
Operating loss carry-forwards	1,343			3,064
Stock-based compensation expense	807			762
Property and equipment, due to difference in depreciation	47			53
Research and development, alternative minimum tax credit carry-forwards	5,243			4,716
Foreign tax credit carry-forwards	2,345			2,360
State tax credit carry-forwards	3,146			2,977
Capitalized research and development	3,263			3,130
Warranty reserve	523			454
Accrued expenses	845			556
Right of use assets	1,378			—
Gross deferred tax assets	20,089			19,367
Less valuation allowance	(18,452		)	(18,144		)
Total deferred tax assets	1,637			1,223
Deferred tax liabilities:
Purchased intangible assets	(844		)	(951		)
Property and equipment, due to differences in depreciation	(132		)	(994		)
Lease liability	(1,378		)	—
Other	—			(18		)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(2,354		)	(1,963		)
Net deferred tax liability	$	(717	)	$	(740	)
Non-current deferred income tax asset	$	45		$	226
Non-current deferred income tax liability	$	(762	)	$	(966	)

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had federal research and development tax credit carry-forwards in the amount of $5,234 and other general business credits of $9 that expire in years 2026 through 2039. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had foreign tax credit carry-forwards in the amount of $2,345 that expire in years 2026 through 2027. As of December 31, 2019, the Company had state research and development tax credit carry-forwards in the amount of $3,844 that expire in years 2020 through 2026. The Company also had other state tax credit carry-forwards of $138 available to reduce future state tax expense that expire in years 2020 through 2026.

The Company’s ability to utilize these net operating loss carry-forwards and tax credit carry-forwards may be limited in the future if the Company experiences an ownership change pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 382. An ownership change occurs when the ownership percentages of 5% or greater stockholders change by more than 50% over a three-year period.

As of January 1, 2017, the Company adopted Update No. 2016-09. In accordance with Update No. 2016-09, previously unrecognized excess tax benefits are recognized on a modified retrospective basis. On January 1, 2017, the Company recorded a $1,117 deferred tax asset related to unrecognized excess tax benefits with an offsetting adjustment to retained earnings. As the Company had previously recorded a full valuation allowance on its U.S. deferred tax assets, a corresponding increase to the valuation allowance was recorded with an offsetting adjustment to retained earnings.

As of January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606. The adoption of ASC 606 primarily resulted in a deferment of revenue as of December 31, 2017, which in turn generated additional deferred tax assets that ultimately increased the Company's net deferred tax asset position by $202 as of January 1, 2018 related to sales made by the Company in certain international jurisdictions.

In assessing the realizability of its net deferred tax assets, the Company considered whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of December 31, 2019, the Company concluded that a net increase of $308 of the valuation allowance was appropriate. The change was the result of an increase in domestic tax credit and net operating loss balances offset by a decrease attributed to the derecognition of foreign net operating losses. As part of the Company’s analysis, the Company evaluated, among other factors, its recent history of generating taxable income and its near-term forecasts of future taxable income.

As of December 31, 2019, unremitted foreign earnings, which were not significant, have been retained by the Company's foreign subsidiaries for indefinite reinvestment. Upon repatriation of those earnings, in the form of dividends or otherwise, the Company could be subject to state tax and withholding taxes payable to various foreign countries.

The Company establishes reserves for uncertain tax positions based on management’s assessment of exposure associated with tax deductions, permanent tax differences, and tax credits. The tax reserves are analyzed periodically and adjustments are made as events occur that warrant adjustment to the reserve. The Company's policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.

The aggregate changes in the total gross amount of unrecognized tax benefits are as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1	$	494		$	469
Gross increase in unrecognized tax benefits - prior year tax positions	1,524			—
Gross increase in unrecognized tax benefits - current year tax positions	78			75
Lapse of statute of limitations	(199		)	(50		)
Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31	$	1,897		$	494

All unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, if recognized, would result in a reduction of the Company's effective tax rate.

The Company recorded interest and penalties of $11 and $16 in its consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Total accrued interest and penalties related to tax positions taken on our tax returns and included in non-current income taxes payable was approximately $147 and $136 as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The timing of any resolution of income tax examinations is highly uncertain, as are the amounts and timing of any settlement payment. These events could cause fluctuations in the balance sheet classification of current and non-current assets and liabilities. The Company estimates that it is reasonably possible that the balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2019 may decrease approximately $32 in the next twelve months as a result of a lapse of statutes of limitation and settlements with taxing authorities.

The Company’s tax jurisdictions include the United States, the United Kingdom, Denmark, Cyprus, Norway, Brazil, Singapore, Belgium, the Netherlands, Hong Kong, Japan, and India. In general, the statute of limitations with respect to the Company's United States federal income taxes has expired for years prior to 2016, and the relevant state and foreign statutes vary. However, preceding years remain open to examination by United States federal and state and foreign taxing authorities to the extent of future utilization of net operating losses and research and development tax credits generated in each preceding year.

Tax Reform

The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the 2017 Tax Act), which was signed into law on December 22, 2017, resulted in significant changes to the U.S. corporate income tax system. These changes included a federal statutory rate reduction from 35% to 21%, the elimination or reduction of certain domestic deductions and credits and limitations on the deductibility of interest expense and executive compensation. The 2017 Tax Act transitioned international taxation from a worldwide system to a modified territorial system and included base erosion prevention measures on non-U.S. earnings, which has the effect of subjecting certain earnings of our foreign subsidiaries to U.S. taxation as global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI). The 2017 Tax Act included a one-time mandatory deemed repatriation tax on accumulated foreign subsidiaries' previously untaxed foreign earnings (the Transition Toll Tax). These changes were effective beginning in 2018.

Changes in tax rates and tax laws are accounted for in the period of enactment. Therefore, during the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded a reduction in its deferred tax assets and corresponding valuation allowance of $484 related to the provisions of the 2017 Tax Act.

On December 22, 2017, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 118 to provide guidance to companies on how to implement the accounting and disclosure changes in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of H.R.1, also known as the 2017 Tax Act. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded a reduction in our deferred tax assets and corresponding valuation allowance of $1,780 and a net tax benefit of $54 related to the Company's current estimate of the provisions of the 2017 Tax Act.

As of December 31, 2018, the Company has completed its assessment of the total impact of the 2017 Tax Act, which resulted in a total reduction in our deferred tax assets and corresponding valuation allowance of $2,264 and a net tax benefit of $54. Included in the $2,264 reduction in our deferred tax assets and corresponding valuation allowance, is $1,209 related to the Transition Toll Tax

In 2018, due to the completion of this analysis we recorded a reduction in our deferred tax assets and corresponding valuation allowance of $484 in order to adjust our 2017 estimate.

Income Taxes - Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Continuing Operations, Income Tax Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
(Decrease) increase in income taxes resulting from:
Income tax benefit at Federal statutory income tax rate	$ (4,203)	$ (2,314)
State income tax (benefit) expense, net of federal benefit	(610)	172
State research and development, investment credits	71	(397)
Non-deductible meals & entertainment	36	26
Non-deductible stock compensation expense	18	6
GILTI	0	577
Nontaxable interest income	0	2
Foreign tax rate differential	(4)	(22)
Federal research and development credits	(490)	(378)
Uncertain tax positions	(110)	53
Provision to tax return adjustments	21	513
Change in tax rates	0	(3)
Change in valuation allowance	934	2,127
Foreign research and development incentives	0	(5)
Loss on legal entity dissolution	244	0
Other	90	(11)
Income tax (benefit) expense	$ (4,003)	$ 346

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Details Textual) - Mortgage loan - Interest Rate Swap	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019 Swap_Agreements
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Textual) [Abstract]
Number of interest rate swap agreements	2
Derivative term	9 years
First Half of Mortgage
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Textual) [Abstract]
Strike Rate	5.90%
Second Half of Mortgage
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Textual) [Abstract]
Strike Rate	6.10%

Leases - Sales-type Lease Future Undiscounted Cash Flows (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
2020	$ 4,264
2021	3,285
2022	2,171
2023	1,435
2024	562
Total undiscounted cash flows	11,717
Present value of lease payments	10,302
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows	$ 1,415

Segment Reporting - Depreciation and Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Depreciation	$ 8,798	$ 7,026
Amortization expense	980	1,008
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Depreciation	1,155	1,048
Amortization expense	0	0
Operating Segments \| Mobile Connectivity
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Depreciation	7,084	5,440
Amortization expense	980	1,008
Unallocated, net
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Depreciation	559	538
Amortization expense	$ 0	$ 0

Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Components of inventories
Raw materials	$ 12,755	$ 13,698
Work in process	3,117	2,489
Finished goods	7,593	6,755
Inventories	23,465	$ 22,942
Inventory reserve	$ 2,300

Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Expenses) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]
Unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1	$ 494	$ 469
Gross increase in unrecognized tax benefits - prior year tax positions	1,524	0
Gross increase in unrecognized tax benefits - current year tax positions	78	75
Lapse of statute of limitations	(199)	(50)
Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31	$ 1,897	$ 494

Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Lessee

The Company has operating leases for office facilities, equipment, and satellite service capacity and related equipment. Operating lease expense from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $5,079. Short-term operating lease costs from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $160. Sublease income from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $132. The future minimum lease payments under our operating leases as of December 31, 2019 are:



2020	$	3,085
2021	1,413
2022	1,316
2023	477
2024 and thereafter	603
Total minimum lease payments	$	6,894

Less amount representing interest	$	(581	)
Present value of net minimum operating lease payments	$	6,313
Less current installments of obligation under current-operating lease liabilities	$	2,831
Obligations under long-term operating lease liabilities, excluding current installments	$	3,482

Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years)	3.05
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	5.50		%

During the first quarter of 2018, the Company entered into a five-year financing lease for three satellite hubs for its HTS network. As of December 31, 2019, the gross costs and accumulated depreciation associated with this lease are included in revenue generating assets and amounted to $3,068 and $846, respectively. Property and equipment under financing leases are stated at the present value of minimum lease payments.

The property and equipment held under this financing lease are amortized on a straight‑line basis over the seven-year estimated useful life of the asset, since the lease meets the bargain purchase option criteria. Amortization of assets held under financing leases is included within depreciation expense. Depreciation expense for these capital assets was $439 and $407 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Financing lease expense from continuing operations was $624 and $580 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The financing lease expense includes $14 and $18 of interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The future minimum lease payments under this financing lease as of December 31, 2019 are:



2020	$	624
2021	624
2022	624
2023	45
2024 and thereafter	—
Total minimum lease payments	$	1,917

Less amount representing interest	$	(20	)
Present value of net minimum capital lease payments	$	1,897
Less current installments of obligation under accrued other	$	614
Obligations under other long-term liabilities, excluding current installments	$	1,283

Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases (years)	3.17
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases	1.53		%

Lessor

The Company enters into leases with certain customers primarily of the TracPhone mini-VSAT systems. These leases are classified as sales-type leases as title of the equipment transfers to the customer at the end of the lease term. The Company records the leases at a price typically equivalent to normal selling price and in excess of the cost or carrying amount. Upon delivery, the Company records the net present value of all payments under these leases as revenue, and the related costs of the product are charged to cost of sales. Interest income is recognized throughout the lease term (typically three to five years) using an implicit interest rate. The sales-type leases do not have unguaranteed residual assets.

The current portion of the net investment in these leases was $3,961 as of December 31, 2019 and the non-current portion of the net investment in these leases was $6,341 as of December 31, 2019. The current portion of the net investment in the leases is included in accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the non-current portion of the net investment in these leases is included in other non-current assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Interest income from sales-type leases was $699 during the year ended December 31, 2019.

The future undiscounted cash flows from these leases as of December 31, 2019 are:



2020	$	4,264
2021	3,285
2022	2,171
2023	1,435
2024	562
Total undiscounted cash flows	$	11,717

Present value of lease payments	$	10,302
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows	$	1,415

Leases

Lessee



2020	$	3,085
2021	1,413
2022	1,316
2023	477
2024 and thereafter	603
Total minimum lease payments	$	6,894

Less amount representing interest	$	(581	)
Present value of net minimum operating lease payments	$	6,313
Less current installments of obligation under current-operating lease liabilities	$	2,831
Obligations under long-term operating lease liabilities, excluding current installments	$	3,482

Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years)	3.05
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	5.50		%

The future minimum lease payments under this financing lease as of December 31, 2019 are:



2020	$	624
2021	624
2022	624
2023	45
2024 and thereafter	—
Total minimum lease payments	$	1,917

Less amount representing interest	$	(20	)
Present value of net minimum capital lease payments	$	1,897
Less current installments of obligation under accrued other	$	614
Obligations under other long-term liabilities, excluding current installments	$	1,283

Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases (years)	3.17
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases	1.53		%

Lessor

The future undiscounted cash flows from these leases as of December 31, 2019 are:



2020	$	4,264
2021	3,285
2022	2,171
2023	1,435
2024	562
Total undiscounted cash flows	$	11,717

Present value of lease payments	$	10,302
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows	$	1,415

Leases

Lessee



2020	$	3,085
2021	1,413
2022	1,316
2023	477
2024 and thereafter	603
Total minimum lease payments	$	6,894

Less amount representing interest	$	(581	)
Present value of net minimum operating lease payments	$	6,313
Less current installments of obligation under current-operating lease liabilities	$	2,831
Obligations under long-term operating lease liabilities, excluding current installments	$	3,482

Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years)	3.05
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	5.50		%

The future minimum lease payments under this financing lease as of December 31, 2019 are:



2020	$	624
2021	624
2022	624
2023	45
2024 and thereafter	—
Total minimum lease payments	$	1,917

Less amount representing interest	$	(20	)
Present value of net minimum capital lease payments	$	1,897
Less current installments of obligation under accrued other	$	614
Obligations under other long-term liabilities, excluding current installments	$	1,283

Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases (years)	3.17
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases	1.53		%

Lessor

The future undiscounted cash flows from these leases as of December 31, 2019 are:



2020	$	4,264
2021	3,285
2022	2,171
2023	1,435
2024	562
Total undiscounted cash flows	$	11,717

Present value of lease payments	$	10,302
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows	$	1,415

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual)			3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	May 13, 2019 USD ($)	Feb. 28, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2019 hub	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) Segment	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 21, 2019	Jan. 01, 2019 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Share purchase agreement	$ 89,387,000
Interest rate	5.00%					12.00%
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets				$ 103,000	$ 0
Sale of treasury stock (in shares) \| shares		377,000
Purchase price (in USD per share) \| $ / shares		$ 11.95
Sale of treasury stock		$ 4,500,000		$ 0	4,500,000
Capital lease term			5 years
Satellite hubs leased \| hub			3
Number of operating segments \| Segment				2
Concentration of Credit Risk and Single Source Suppliers
Marketable securities				$ 29,907,000	25,000
Advertising Costs
Advertising expense				2,290,000	1,818,000
Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign currency transaction losses (gain), before tax				181,000	$ (552,000)
Lease liabilities				6,313,000			$ 10,469
Right of use assets				$ 6,286,000			$ 10,469
Revenue-generating assets
Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful lives				P5Y

Income Taxes - Income (Loss) From Continuing Operations Before Income Tax (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Equity Method Investments, Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]
United States	$ (22,452)	$ (12,828)
Foreign	2,440	1,730
Loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	$ (20,012)	$ (11,098)

Legal Matters

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Legal Matters

Commitments and Contingencies

The Company has certain operating leases and other commitments for satellite capacity, various equipment, and facilities. The following reflects future minimum payments under operating leases and other commitments that have initial or remaining non-cancelable terms at December 31, 2019:



Years ending December 31,	Commitments (a)
2020	$	26,079
2021	18,964
2022	9,908
2023	3,182
2024	776
Thereafter	255
Total minimum payments	$	59,164

(a) Includes the future minimum lease payments for the Company's operating leases as seen in Note 17.

Total rent expense incurred under facility operating leases for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 amounted to $675 and $741, respectively. Total expense incurred under satellite capacity and equipment operating leases and other commitments for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 amounted to $36,390 and $34,644, respectively, which also includes payments for usage charges in excess of the minimum contractual requirements.

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into unconditional purchase order obligations with its suppliers for inventory and other operational purchases. Outstanding and unconditional purchase order obligations were $24,679 as of December 31, 2019, which the Company expects to fulfill in 2020.

The Company did not have any off-balance sheet commitments, guarantees, or standby repurchase obligations as of December 31, 2019.

Legal Matters

From time to time, the Company is involved in litigation incidental to the conduct of its business. In the ordinary course of business, the Company is a party to inquiries, legal proceedings and claims including, from time to time, disagreements with vendors and customers. The Company is not a party to any lawsuit or proceeding that, in management's opinion, is likely to materially harm the Company's business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Net Income per Common Share (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Anti-dilutive common stock equivalents related to options and restricted stock awards excluded from fully diluted calculation (in shares)	1,209	808
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic (in shares)	17,459	17,072
Dilutive common shares issuable in connection with stock plans (in shares)	0	0
Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted (in shares)	17,459	17,072

Debt and Line of Credit - Schedule of Long-Term debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt	$ 0	$ 29,535
Debt issuance costs	0	170
Total debt less debt issuance costs	0	29,365
Less amounts classified as current	0	9,928
Long-term debt, excluding current portion	0	19,437
Debt issuance costs, current		60
Debt issuance costs, long-term		110
Mortgage loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt	0	2,597
2018 term notes \| 2018 revolver
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt	0	21,938
2018 revolver \| 2018 revolver
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt	$ 0	$ 5,000

Debt and Line of Credit (Details Textual)			1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
Debt and Line of Credit (Details Textual)	Jun. 27, 2019 USD ($)	Oct. 30, 2018 USD ($) financial_covenants	Apr. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) Swap_Agreements	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayment of remaining balance		$ 17,225,000
Long-term debt				$ 0	$ 29,365,000
Repayments of long-term debt				2,597,000	182,000
Repayments of long-term lines of credit				15,000,000	$ 0
2018 term notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayments of long-term debt	$ 21,375,000
Mortgage loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Repayments of Debt			$ 2,551,000
Senior Credit Facility \| 2018 revolver \| 2018 term notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, current borrowing capacity		$ 42,500,000
Net cash proceeds from certain dispositions to the extent not reinvested		100.00%
Senior Credit Facility \| 2018 revolver \| 2018 revolver
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio		1.25
Senior Credit Facility \| 2018 revolver \| Revolving loan agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, current borrowing capacity	20,000,000	$ 20,000,000		15,000,000
Line of credit facility, amount outstanding		5,000,000
Long-term debt				$ 0
Remaining balance available for borrowing		$ 20,000,000
Repayments of long-term lines of credit	$ 13,000,000
Senior Credit Facility \| 2018 revolver \| Term loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Term of debt instrument		3 years
Line of credit facility, current borrowing capacity		$ 22,500,000
Security interest pledge		65.00%
Net cash proceeds from stated equity issuances		50.00%
Net cash proceeds from certain receipts above certain threshold amounts		100.00%
Debt Covenant Period, One \| Senior Credit Facility \| 2018 revolver \| 2018 revolver
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of financial covenants \| financial_covenants		2
Debt Covenant Period, Three \| Senior Credit Facility \| 2018 revolver \| 2018 revolver
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Consolidated leverage ratio		2.50
Debt Covenant Period, Four \| Senior Credit Facility \| 2018 revolver \| 2018 revolver
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Consolidated leverage ratio		2.00
Interest Rate Swap \| Mortgage loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of interest rate swap agreements \| Swap_Agreements				2
First Half of Mortgage \| Interest Rate Swap \| Mortgage loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Strike rate				5.90%
Second Half of Mortgage \| Interest Rate Swap \| Mortgage loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Strike rate				6.10%

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Property, Plant and Equipment Useful Life (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Buildings and improvements \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful lives	P5Y
Buildings and improvements \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful lives	P40Y
Machinery, satellite hubs and equipment, and video-on-demand units \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful lives	P4Y
Machinery, satellite hubs and equipment, and video-on-demand units \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful lives	P10Y
Office and computer equipment \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful lives	P3Y
Office and computer equipment \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful lives	P7Y
Motor vehicles
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, useful lives	P5Y

Stockholders' Equity - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 4,159	$ 3,321
Cost of product sales
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	240	163
Cost of service sales
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	0	0
Research and development
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	815	672
Sales, marketing and support
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	867	663
General and administrative
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 2,237	$ 1,823

Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Schedule of Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 15,056	$ 14,794
Accumulated Amortization	10,113	9,133
Net Carrying Value	4,943	5,661
Amortization expense	980	1,008
Subscriber relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	7,860	7,678
Accumulated Amortization	5,231	4,519
Net Carrying Value	2,629	3,159
Distribution rights
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	4,313	4,233
Accumulated Amortization	1,999	1,731
Net Carrying Value	2,314	2,502
Internally developed software
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	446	446
Accumulated Amortization	446	446
Net Carrying Value	0	0
Proprietary content
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	153	153
Accumulated Amortization	153	153
Net Carrying Value	0	0
Intellectual property
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	2,284	2,284
Accumulated Amortization	2,284	2,284
Net Carrying Value	$ 0	$ 0

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606)

The Company adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method for all contracts not completed as of the date of adoption. The adoption of ASC 606 represents a change in accounting principle that was intended to more closely align revenue recognition with the delivery of the Company's products and services and provide enhanced disclosures. In accordance with ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised products and services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these products and services.

Out-of-Period Error

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company identified an out-of-period immaterial error related to the implementation and application of ASC 606 with respect to the recognition of revenue associated with sales-type leases. During the implementation of ASC 606 effective January 1, 2018, the Company treated the leased products and services for these contracts as single performance obligations as if they were not distinct in the context of the contract; however, the leased product portion should have continued to have been accounted for under ASC 840 (now ASC 842). In general, the error was to defer recognition of product revenue and associated expenses for sales-type leases rather than to recognize those items upon shipment. In accordance with ASC 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, the immaterial cumulative correction was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2019 and had the effect of increasing net loss by $250, comprised primarily of a $1,350 increase in product sales, a $1,591 increase in costs of product sales, and a $15 increase in sales, marketing and support expenses.

The balance sheet impact of correcting January 1, 2019 sales-type leases in effect as of January 1, 2018, was a reduction in accumulated deficit of $1,680, comprised of a reduction in current contract assets of $2,132, non-current contract assets of $3,110, current contract liabilities of $2,970, non-current contract liabilities of $4,018 and non-current deferred income tax asset of $66.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes net sales from contracts with customers for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Mobile connectivity product, transferred at point in time	$	26,419	$	26,086
Mobile connectivity product, transferred over time (a)	5,204		5,265
Mobile connectivity service	90,392		84,575
Inertial navigation product	30,302		31,926
Inertial navigation service	5,576		5,177
Total net sales	$	157,893	$	153,029


(a)	Reflects the correction discussed above.

Revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 from amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the fiscal year was approximately $2,736 and $4,670.

For mobile connectivity product sales, the delivery of the Company’s performance obligations are generally transferred to the customer, and therefore associated revenue is generated, at a point in time, with the exception of certain mini-VSAT contracts which are transferred to customers over time. For mobile connectivity service sales, the delivery of the Company’s performance obligations are transferred to the customer, and therefore associated revenue is generated, over time. For inertial navigation product sales, the delivery of the Company’s performance obligations are generally transferred to the customer, and therefore associated revenue is generated, at a point in time. For inertial navigation service sales, the Company's performance obligations are generally transferred to customers, and therefore associated revenue is generated, over time.

Business and Credit Concentrations

Concentrations of risk with respect to trade accounts receivable are generally limited due to the large number of customers and their dispersion across several geographic areas. Although the Company does not foresee that credit risk associated with these receivables will deviate from historical experience, repayment is dependent upon the financial stability of those individual customers. The Company establishes allowances for potential bad debts and evaluates, on a monthly basis, the adequacy of those reserves based upon historical experience and its expectations for future collectability concerns. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of the financial condition of its customers and generally does not require collateral.

The Company had no customers that accounted for 10% or more of its consolidated net sales for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, or accounts receivable as of years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Certain components from third parties used in the Company’s products are procured from single sources of supply. The failure of a supplier, including a subcontractor, to deliver on schedule could delay or interrupt the Company’s delivery of products and thereby materially adversely affect the Company’s revenues and operating results.

Share Buyback Program (Details) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
Share Buyback Program (Details) $ in Thousands	Oct. 04, 2019 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) Program shares	Nov. 26, 2008 shares
Disclosure of Repurchase Agreements [Abstract]
Common stock available for repurchase (in shares) \| shares	1,000		1,000,000
Share repurchase program, term	1 year
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount \| $	$ 5
Stock repurchased during period (in shares) \| shares		115
Stock repurchased during period, value \| $		$ 1,300
Number of other repurchase programs outstanding \| Program		0

Label	Element	Value
Retained Earnings [Member]
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption	us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption	$ (2,748,000)
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption	us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption	$ 1,680,000

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Product Warranty (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Summary of product warranty activity
Beginning balance	$ 1,916	$ 2,074
Charges to expense	2,186	2,060
Costs incurred	(1,908)	(2,218)
Ending balance	$ 2,194	$ 1,916
Minimum
Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]
Limited product warranty period	1 year
Maximum
Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]
Limited product warranty period	2 years

Leases - (Details)	12 Months Ended
Leases - (Details)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019 hub	Mar. 31, 2018 hub
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lease expense from continuing operation	$ 5,079,000
Short-term lease cost	160
Sublease income	132
Number of satellite hubs leased \| hub				3
Property and equipment, gross	107,618,000	$ 96,383,000
Finance lease, accumulated depreciation	54,034,000	45,750,000
Capital assets, depreciation expense	439,000	407,000
Finance lease expense	624	580
Interest expense	14	$ 18
Net investment in lease, current	3,961,000
Net investment in lease, noncurrent	6,341,000
Sales-type lease, interest income	699,000
Minimum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Sales-type leases, term of contracts			3 years
Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Sales-type leases, term of contracts			5 years
Assets Held Under Finance Leases
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	3,068,000
Finance lease, accumulated depreciation	$ 846,000
Assets held under capital leases
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Leased assets, useful life	7 years
Satellite HUBS for HTS network
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Finance lease term					5 years
Number of satellite hubs leased \| hub					3

Quarterly Financial Results (Unaudited) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Interim Period, Costs Not Allocable [Line Items]
Sales									$ 157,893	$ 153,029
Operating expenses (a)	$ 19,195	$ 18,317	$ 18,381	$ 18,953	$ 16,623	$ 17,269	$ 16,887	$ 17,944
Loss from continuing operations (a)	(3,325)	(4,858)	(6,679)	(6,234)	(2,377)	(1,857)	(2,580)	(3,832)	(21,096)	(10,646)
Net loss from continuing operations (a)	(2,910)	(3,308)	(3,294)	(6,497)	(2,665)	(1,931)	(2,402)	(4,446)	(16,009)	(11,444)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax	(573)	(1,036)	50,630	243	843	757	1,059	553	49,264	3,212
Net loss	$ (3,483)	$ (4,344)	$ 47,336	$ (6,254)	$ (1,822)	$ (1,174)	$ (1,343)	$ (3,893)	$ 33,255	$ (8,232)
Net loss continuing operations per share
Basic (in USD per share)	$ (0.17)	$ (0.19)	$ (0.19)	$ (0.38)	$ (0.15)	$ (0.11)	$ (0.14)	$ (0.27)
Diluted (in USD per share)	(0.17)	(0.19)	(0.19)	(0.38)	(0.15)	(0.11)	(0.14)	(0.27)
Net income (loss) discontinued operations pre share
Basic (in USD per share)	(0.03)	(0.06)	2.90	0.01	0.05	0.04	0.06	0.03
Diluted (in USD per share)	(0.03)	(0.06)	2.90	0.01	0.05	0.04	0.06	0.03
Net (loss) income per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	(0.20)	(0.25)	2.71	(0.36)	(0.11)	(0.07)	(0.08)	(0.23)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.20)	$ (0.25)	$ 2.71	$ (0.36)	$ (0.11)	$ (0.07)	$ (0.08)	$ (0.23)
Product
Interim Period, Costs Not Allocable [Line Items]
Sales	$ 18,713	$ 14,808	$ 15,189	$ 13,215	$ 16,756	$ 16,367	$ 16,162	$ 13,992
Cost of product and service sales	11,131	10,823	12,649	8,284	10,726	9,767	10,094	8,923
Service
Interim Period, Costs Not Allocable [Line Items]
Sales	23,763	24,503	24,541	23,161	22,924	22,945	22,470	21,413
Cost of product and service sales	$ 15,475	$ 15,029	$ 15,379	$ 15,373	$ 14,708	$ 14,133	$ 14,231	$ 12,370

Commitment and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies



Years ending December 31,	Commitments (a)
2020	$	26,079
2021	18,964
2022	9,908
2023	3,182
2024	776
Thereafter	255
Total minimum payments	$	59,164

(a) Includes the future minimum lease payments for the Company's operating leases as seen in Note 17.

The Company did not have any off-balance sheet commitments, guarantees, or standby repurchase obligations as of December 31, 2019.

Legal Matters

Leases - Future Minimum Operating Lease Payments (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Jan. 01, 2019
Leases [Abstract]
2020	$ 3,085,000
2021	1,413,000
2022	1,316,000
2023	477,000
2024 and thereafter	603,000
Total minimum lease payments	6,894,000
Less amount representing interest	(581,000)
Present value of net minimum operating lease payments	6,313,000	$ 10,469
Less current installments of obligation under current-operating lease liabilities	2,831,000
Obligations under long-term operating lease liabilities, excluding current installments	$ 3,482,000
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases	3 years 18 days
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	5.50%

Segment Reporting - Net Sales and Operating Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									$ 157,893	$ 153,029
Operating income (loss)	$ (3,325)	$ (4,858)	$ (6,679)	$ (6,234)	$ (2,377)	$ (1,857)	$ (2,580)	$ (3,832)	(21,096)	(10,646)
Net interest and other income (expense)									1,084	(452)
Loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense									(20,012)	(11,098)
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating income (loss)									(2,608)	5,598
Operating Segments \| Mobile Connectivity
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									122,015	115,926
Operating income (loss)									(5,569)	681
Operating Segments \| Intertial Navigation
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales									35,878	37,103
Operating income (loss)									2,961	4,917
Unallocated, net
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating income (loss)									$ (18,488)	$ (16,244)

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820), provides a framework for measuring fair value and requires expanded disclosures regarding fair value measurements. ASC 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:


Level 1:	Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. The Company’s Level 1 assets are investments in money market mutual funds.


Level 2:	Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; or observable prices that are based on observable market data, based on directly or indirectly market-corroborated inputs. The Company’s Level 2 inputs related to interest rate swaps.


Level 3:	Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, and are developed based on the best information available given the circumstances. The Company has no Level 3 inputs.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based the valuation techniques identified in the table below. The valuation techniques are:


(a)	Market approach—prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets.

(b)

The valuations of the interest rate swaps intended to mitigate the Company’s interest rate risk are determined with the assistance of a third-party financial institution using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each instrument. This analysis utilizes observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and interest rate volatility and reflects the contractual terms of these instruments, including the period to maturity, as of April 1, 2019.

The following tables present financial assets and liabilities at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 for which the Company measures fair value on a recurring basis, by level, within the fair value hierarchy:



December 31, 2019	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Valuation Technique
Assets
Money market mutual funds	$	29,907	$	29,907	$	—	$	—	(a)
December 31, 2018	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Valuation Technique
Assets
Money market mutual funds	$	25	$	25	$	—	$	—	(a)
Liabilities
Interest rate swaps	$	11	$	—	$	11	$	—	(b)

Certain financial instruments are carried at cost on the consolidated balance sheets, which approximates fair value due to their short-term, highly liquid nature. These instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses.

Assets Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Company's non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, and other long-lived assets resulting from business combinations, are measured at fair value using income approach valuation methodologies at the date of acquisition and subsequently re-measured if an impairment exists. There were no impairments of the Company’s non-financial assets noted as of December 31, 2019 or 2018. The Company does not have any liabilities that are recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

Discontinued Operations Major Classes of Assets and Liabilities of the Discontinued Operation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Current assets held for sale	$ 0	$ 4,871
Non-current assets held for sale	0	25,906
Current liabilities held for sale	0	4,844
Non-current deferred income tax liability	$ 0	734
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents		2,838
Accounts receivable, net		1,071
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		962
Current assets held for sale		4,871
Property and equipment, net		2,615
Intangible assets, net		4,857
Goodwill		17,182
Other non-current assets		1,252
Non-current assets held for sale		25,906
Accounts payable		991
Accrued compensation and employee-related expenses		220
Accrued other		1,864
Contract liabilities		1,546
Liability for uncertain tax positions		223
Current liabilities held for sale		4,844
Non-current deferred income tax liability		734
Non-current deferred income tax liability		734
Net assets held for sale		$ 25,199

Stockholders' Equity

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Share-based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders’ Equity

The Company recognizes stock-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation--Stock Compensation. Stock-based compensation expense, excluding compensation charges related to our employee stock purchase plan, or the ESPP, was $4,099 and $3,267 for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The Company is authorized to grant stock options, restricted stock awards and other stock-based awards under its 2016 Equity and Incentive Plan (the 2016 Plan) with respect to up to 3,000 shares of common stock (plus up to an additional 1,690 shares in respect of certain awards under earlier equity compensation plans that may be forfeited, canceled, reacquired by the Company or terminated after adoption of the 2016 Plan). Options have generally been granted with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant and have generally provided for vesting in equal annual amounts over four years beginning on the first anniversary of the date of the grant. No options are exercisable for periods of more than five years after date of grant. Under the 2016 Plan, each share issued under awards other than options and stock appreciation rights will reduce the number of shares reserved for issuance by two shares. Shares issued under options or stock appreciation rights will reduce the shares reserved for issuance on a share-for-share basis. The 2016 Plan and earlier equity compensation plans, pursuant to which an aggregate of 12,415 shares of the Company’s common stock were reserved for issuance, were all approved by the Company's shareholders. As of December 31, 2019, 402 shares were available for future grants. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors administers the equity compensation plans, approves the individuals to whom awards will be granted and determines the number of shares and other terms of each award. Outstanding options under the Company's equity compensation plans at December 31, 2019 expire from January 2020 through August 2024. None of the Company’s outstanding options includes performance-based or market-based vesting conditions as of December 31, 2019.


(a)	Employee Stock Options

The Company has estimated the fair value of each option grant on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The expected volatility assumption is based on the historical daily price data of the Company’s common stock over a period equivalent to the weighted average expected life of the Company’s options. The expected term of options granted is derived using assumed exercise rates based on historical exercise patterns and represents the period of time the options granted are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free interest rate is based on the actual U.S. Treasury zero-coupon rates for bonds matching the expected term of the option as of the option grant date. The dividend yield of zero is based upon the fact that the Company has not historically declared or paid cash dividends, and does not expect to declare or pay dividends in the foreseeable future.

The per share weighted-average fair values of stock options granted during 2019 and 2018 were $3.09 and $3.82, respectively. The weighted-average assumptions used to value options as of their grant date were as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Risk-free interest rate	1.91	%	2.81	%
Expected volatility	36.9	%	36.6	%
Expected life (in years)	4.27		4.29
Dividend yield	0	%	0	%

The changes in outstanding stock options for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:



	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	1,276		$	10.28
Granted	630		$	9.48
Exercised	(37	)	$	7.89
Expired, canceled or forfeited	(245	)	$	11.35
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	1,624		$	9.86	3.25	$	2,325
Exercisable at December 31, 2019	440		$	10.26	2.07	$	572
Options vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2019	1,624		$	9.86	3.25	$	2,325



	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	1,064		$	10.06
Granted	404		$	11.30
Exercised	(40	)	$	7.93
Expired, canceled or forfeited	(152	)	$	12.14
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	1,276		$	10.28	3.15	$	1,078
Exercisable at December 31, 2018	379		$	10.98	1.68	$	211
Options vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2018	1,276		$	10.28	3.15	$	1,078

The total aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised was $108 and $163 in 2019 and 2018, respectively.

As of December 31, 2019, there was $3,032 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.65 years. In 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded compensation charges of $1,076 and $856, respectively, related to stock options. Compensation costs for options subject only to service conditions that vest ratably are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. During 2019 and 2018, cash received under stock option plans for exercises was $286 and $317, respectively.


(b)	Restricted Stock

The Company granted 322 and 200 restricted stock awards to employees under the terms of the 2016 Plan or the Amended and Restated 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (2006 Plan) for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The restricted stock awards have generally provided for vesting annually over four years from the date of grant subject to the recipient remaining an employee through the applicable vesting dates. Compensation expense for restricted stock awards is measured at fair value on the date of grant based on the number of shares granted and the quoted market closing price of the Company’s common stock. Such value is recognized as expense over the vesting period of the award, net of forfeitures. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of restricted stock granted during 2019 and 2018 was $9.67 and $11.47 per share, respectively.

As of December 31, 2019, there was $3,350 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.14 years. Compensation costs for awards subject only to service conditions that vest ratably are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. Compensation cost for awards initially subject to certain performance conditions are recognized on a ratable basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. In 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded compensation charges of $3,023 and $2,411, respectively, related to restricted stock awards.

Restricted stock activity under the 2006 Plan and the 2016 Plan for 2019 is as follows:



	Number of Shares		Weighted- average grant date fair value
Outstanding at December 31, 2018, unvested	526		$	9.86
Granted	322		9.67
Vested	(319	)	10.24
Forfeited	(31	)	9.54
Outstanding at December 31, 2019, unvested	498		$	9.51


(c)	Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Under the Company's Amended and Restated 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP), an aggregate of 1,650 shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance, of which 891 shares remain available as of December 31, 2019.

The ESPP covers all of the Company’s employees. Under the terms of the ESPP, eligible employees can elect to have up to six percent of their pre-tax compensation withheld to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock on a semi-annual basis at 85% of the market price on the first or last day of each purchase period, whichever is lower. During 2019 and 2018, shares issued under this plan were 45 and 17 shares, respectively. The Company utilizes the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the fair value of these discounted purchases. The fair value of the 15% discount is recognized as compensation expense over the purchase period. The Company applies a graded vesting approach because the ESPP provides for multiple purchase periods and is, in substance, a series of linked awards. In 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded compensation charges of $60 and $54, respectively, related to the ESPP. During 2019 and 2018, cash received under the ESPP was $414 and $167, respectively.


(d)	Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The following presents stock-based compensation expense, including expense for the ESPP, in the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.



	2019		2018
Cost of product sales	$	240	$	163
Cost of service sales	—		—
Research and development	815		672
Sales, marketing and support	867		663
General and administrative	2,237		1,823
	$	4,159	$	3,321

(e) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (AOCI)

Comprehensive income (loss) includes net income (loss), unrealized gains and losses from foreign currency translation, and unrealized gains and losses from available for sale marketable securities and changes in fair value related to interest rate swap derivative instruments, net of tax attributes, which were not material. The components of the Company’s comprehensive income (loss) and the effect on earnings for the periods presented are detailed in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).



	Foreign Currency Translation			Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Available for Sale Marketable Securities			Interest Rate Swaps			Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2017	$	(11,247	)	$	(1	)	$	(69	)	$	(11,317	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(3,473		)	1			10			(3,462		)
Reclassified from AOCI	—			—			48			48
Net other comprehensive (loss) income, December 31, 2018	(3,473		)	1			58			(3,414		)
Balance, December 31, 2018	(14,720		)	—			(11		)	(14,731		)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	470			—			3			473
Reclassified from AOCI	11,483			—			8			11,491
Net other comprehensive income, December 31, 2019	11,953			—			11			11,964
Balance, December 31, 2019	$	(2,767	)	$	—		$	—		$	(2,767	)

For additional information, see Note 2, "Marketable Securities", and see Note 15, "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities."

Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Goodwill Rollforward (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at January 1	$ 15,031
Foreign currency translation adjustment	377
Balance at December 31	$ 15,408

Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 107,618	$ 96,383
Less accumulated depreciation	(54,034)	(45,750)
Property and equipment, net	53,584	50,633
Depreciation	8,798	7,026
Land
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	3,828	3,828
Building and improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	24,172	24,060
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	501	478
Revenue-generating assets
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	47,010	38,066
Machinery and equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	18,022	17,239
Office and computer equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	14,054	12,681
Motor vehicles
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 31	$ 31

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based the valuation techniques identified in the table below. The valuation techniques are:


(a)	Market approach—prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets.

(b)



December 31, 2019	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Valuation Technique
Assets
Money market mutual funds	$	29,907	$	29,907	$	—	$	—	(a)
December 31, 2018	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Valuation Technique
Assets
Money market mutual funds	$	25	$	25	$	—	$	—	(a)
Liabilities
Interest rate swaps	$	11	$	—	$	11	$	—	(b)

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Share-based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense [Abstract]

Schedule of weighted-average assumptions used to value options as of their grant date

The weighted-average assumptions used to value options as of their grant date were as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Risk-free interest rate	1.91	%	2.81	%
Expected volatility	36.9	%	36.6	%
Expected life (in years)	4.27		4.29
Dividend yield	0	%	0	%

Schedule of share-based compensation, stock options, activity

The changes in outstanding stock options for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:



	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	1,276		$	10.28
Granted	630		$	9.48
Exercised	(37	)	$	7.89
Expired, canceled or forfeited	(245	)	$	11.35
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	1,624		$	9.86	3.25	$	2,325
Exercisable at December 31, 2019	440		$	10.26	2.07	$	572
Options vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2019	1,624		$	9.86	3.25	$	2,325



	Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2017	1,064		$	10.06
Granted	404		$	11.30
Exercised	(40	)	$	7.93
Expired, canceled or forfeited	(152	)	$	12.14
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	1,276		$	10.28	3.15	$	1,078
Exercisable at December 31, 2018	379		$	10.98	1.68	$	211
Options vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2018	1,276		$	10.28	3.15	$	1,078

Schedule of share-based compensation, restricted stock and restricted stock units activity

Restricted stock activity under the 2006 Plan and the 2016 Plan for 2019 is as follows:



	Number of Shares		Weighted- average grant date fair value
Outstanding at December 31, 2018, unvested	526		$	9.86
Granted	322		9.67
Vested	(319	)	10.24
Forfeited	(31	)	9.54
Outstanding at December 31, 2019, unvested	498		$	9.51

Schedule of share-based compensation, activity

The following presents stock-based compensation expense, including expense for the ESPP, in the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.



	2019		2018
Cost of product sales	$	240	$	163
Cost of service sales	—		—
Research and development	815		672
Sales, marketing and support	867		663
General and administrative	2,237		1,823
	$	4,159	$	3,321

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The components of the Company’s comprehensive income (loss) and the effect on earnings for the periods presented are detailed in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).



	Foreign Currency Translation			Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Available for Sale Marketable Securities			Interest Rate Swaps			Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2017	$	(11,247	)	$	(1	)	$	(69	)	$	(11,317	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(3,473		)	1			10			(3,462		)
Reclassified from AOCI	—			—			48			48
Net other comprehensive (loss) income, December 31, 2018	(3,473		)	1			58			(3,414		)
Balance, December 31, 2018	(14,720		)	—			(11		)	(14,731		)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	470			—			3			473
Reclassified from AOCI	11,483			—			8			11,491
Net other comprehensive income, December 31, 2019	11,953			—			11			11,964
Balance, December 31, 2019	$	(2,767	)	$	—		$	—		$	(2,767	)

Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Liabilities		$ 11
Money market mutual funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	$ 29,907	25
Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Liabilities		0
Level 1 \| Money market mutual funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	29,907	25
Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Liabilities		11
Level 2 \| Money market mutual funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	0	0
Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Liabilities		0
Level 3 \| Money market mutual funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	$ 0	$ 0

Leases (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Leases [Abstract]

Future minimum lease payments under operating leases

The future minimum lease payments under our operating leases as of December 31, 2019 are:



2020	$	3,085
2021	1,413
2022	1,316
2023	477
2024 and thereafter	603
Total minimum lease payments	$	6,894

Less amount representing interest	$	(581	)
Present value of net minimum operating lease payments	$	6,313
Less current installments of obligation under current-operating lease liabilities	$	2,831
Obligations under long-term operating lease liabilities, excluding current installments	$	3,482

Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years)	3.05
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	5.50		%

Schedule of future minimum capital lease payments

The future minimum lease payments under this financing lease as of December 31, 2019 are:



2020	$	624
2021	624
2022	624
2023	45
2024 and thereafter	—
Total minimum lease payments	$	1,917

Less amount representing interest	$	(20	)
Present value of net minimum capital lease payments	$	1,897
Less current installments of obligation under accrued other	$	614
Obligations under other long-term liabilities, excluding current installments	$	1,283

Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases (years)	3.17
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases	1.53		%

Sales-type lease, future undiscounted cash flows

The future undiscounted cash flows from these leases as of December 31, 2019 are:



2020	$	4,264
2021	3,285
2022	2,171
2023	1,435
2024	562
Total undiscounted cash flows	$	11,717

Present value of lease payments	$	10,302
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows	$	1,415

Document and Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Feb. 24, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	KVH INDUSTRIES INC \DE\
Entity Central Index Key	0001007587
Document Type	10-K
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2019
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		17,966,005
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Public Float			$ 167,642,021
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Shell Company	false

Property and Equipment (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property, plant and equipment

Property and equipment, net, as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 consist of the following:



	December 31,
	2019			2018
Land	$	3,828		$	3,828
Building and improvements	24,172			24,060
Leasehold improvements	501			478
Revenue-generating assets	47,010			38,066
Machinery and equipment	18,022			17,239
Office and computer equipment	14,054			12,681
Motor vehicles	31			31
	107,618			96,383
Less accumulated depreciation	(54,034		)	(45,750		)
	$	53,584		$	50,633

Share Buyback Program	12 Months Ended
Share Buyback Program	Dec. 31, 2019
Disclosure of Repurchase Agreements [Abstract]
Share Buyback Program	Share Buyback Program On November 26, 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to 1,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. The program was superseded on October 4, 2019. On October 4, 2019, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program pursuant to which the Company may purchase up to 1,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. The repurchase program is expected to be funded using the Company’s existing cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and future cash flows. Under the repurchase program, the Company, at management’s discretion, may repurchase shares on the open market from time to time, in privately negotiated transactions or block transactions, or through an accelerated repurchase agreement. The timing of such repurchases depends on availability of shares, price, market conditions, alternative uses of capital, and applicable regulatory requirements. The program may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time without prior notice. The repurchase program has a duration of one year. Under the Company's 2018 Credit Agreement, the Company may not repurchase more than $5,000 of shares before October 31, 2021 without appropriate consent. During 2019, the Company repurchased 115 shares of common stock in open market transactions at a cost of approximately $1,300. Except as noted above, there were no other repurchase programs outstanding during 2019.

Financial Statement Line Items as Filed and as Adjusted Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Jan. 01, 2019
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Net income (loss)	$ (3,483)	$ (4,344)	$ 47,336	$ (6,254)	$ (1,822)	$ (1,174)	$ (1,343)	$ (3,893)		$ 33,255	$ (8,232)
Sales, marketing and support										33,434	30,571
Accumulated earnings (deficit)	19,538				(15,397)					19,538	(15,397)
Current contract assets	(1,458)				(3,566)					(1,458)	(3,566)
Non-current contract assets	(3,408)				(6,971)					(3,408)	(6,971)
Current contract liabilities	(4,443)				(7,647)					(4,443)	(7,647)
Long-term contract liabilities	(5,476)				(9,070)					(5,476)	(9,070)
Non-current deferred income tax asset	$ (45)				$ (226)					(45)	(226)
Revenue recognized										2,736	4,670
Product
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Cost of product sales										$ 42,887	$ 39,510
Implementation of ASC 606 \| Adjustment
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Net income (loss)									$ (250)
Sales, marketing and support									15
Accumulated earnings (deficit)												$ 1,680
Current contract assets												2,132
Non-current contract assets												3,110
Current contract liabilities												2,970
Long-term contract liabilities												4,018
Non-current deferred income tax asset												$ 66
Implementation of ASC 606 \| Product \| Adjustment
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Product sales									1,350
Cost of product sales									$ 1,591

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 1,589	$ 2,390
Intangible assets, accumulated amortization	$ 10,113	$ 9,133
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred Stock, Shares Issued	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common Stock, Par Value (in shares)	30,000,000	30,000,000
Common Stock, Shares Issued	19,398,699	19,026,393
Common Stock, Shares Outstanding	18,001,261	17,743,971
Treasury Stock, Shares Outstanding	1,397,438	1,282,422

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$ 33,255	$ (8,232)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Provision for doubtful accounts	(131)	657
Depreciation and amortization	11,487	12,857
Deferred income taxes	203	(781)
Loss on disposals of fixed assets	189	17
Gain on sale of Videotel	(53,711)	0
Compensation expense related to stock-based awards and employee stock purchase plan	4,159	3,321
Unrealized currency translation loss (gain)	71	(377)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(4,344)	(2,183)
Inventories	(553)	(174)
Prepaid expenses, other current assets, and current contract assets	(307)	(286)
Other non-current assets and non-current contract assets	(1,042)	(2,054)
Accounts payable	(1,916)	2,041
Deferred revenue, contract liabilities, and long-term contract liabilities	1,170	(498)
Accrued compensation, product warranty, and other	(2,691)	874
Other long-term liabilities	(4)	2
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	(14,165)	5,184
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(12,526)	(15,897)
Cash paid for acquisition of intangible assets	(94)	(44)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets	103	0
Proceeds from sale of Videotel, net of cash sold	88,447	0
Purchases of marketable securities	(41,882)	(2,036)
Maturities and sales of marketable securities	12,000	10,330
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	46,048	(7,647)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayments of long-term debt	(2,597)	(182)
Repayments of term note borrowings	(21,938)	(22,507)
Repayments of line of credit borrowings	(15,000)	0
Proceeds from line of credit borrowings	10,000	5,000
Proceeds from stock options exercised and employee stock purchase plan	700	484
Repurchase of common stock	(1,297)	0
Sale of treasury stock	0	4,500
Payment of finance lease	(624)	(561)
Net cash used in financing activities	(30,756)	(13,266)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(812)	(817)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	315	(16,546)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	18,050	34,596
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	18,365	18,050
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	929	1,679
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds	424	2,578
Changes in accrued other and accounts payable related to property and equipment additions	126	244
Satellite hubs acquired under finance lease	0	3,068
Cash in current assets held for sale	0	2,838
Right of use assets (ROU) assets arising from entering into new operating lease obligations	$ 494	$ 0

Segment Reporting (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of reporting segments

Net sales and operating (loss) income for the Company's reporting segments and the Company's loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:



	For the year ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Net sales:
Mobile connectivity	$	122,015		$	115,926
Inertial navigation	35,878			37,103
Consolidated net sales	$	157,893		$	153,029

Operating (loss) income:
Mobile connectivity	$	(5,569	)	$	681
Inertial navigation	2,961			4,917
Subtotal	(2,608		)	5,598
Unallocated, net	(18,488		)	(16,244		)
Loss from operations	(21,096		)	(10,646		)
Net interest and other income (expense)	1,084			(452		)
Loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	$	(20,012	)	$	(11,098	)

Depreciation expense and amortization expense for the Company's segments are presented in the table that follows for the periods presented:



	For the year ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Depreciation expense:
Mobile connectivity	$	7,084	$	5,440
Inertial navigation	1,155		1,048
Unallocated	559		538
Total consolidated depreciation expense	$	8,798	$	7,026

Amortization expense:
Mobile connectivity	$	980	$	1,008
Inertial navigation	—		—
Unallocated	—		—
Total consolidated amortization expense	$	980	$	1,008

Discontinued Operations Discontinued Operations

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Discontinued Operations

The following table presents a reconciliation of the carrying amounts of major classes of assets and liabilities of the discontinued operations to the amounts presented separately in the Company's consolidated balance sheet:



	December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,838
Accounts receivable, net	1,071
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	962
Current assets held for sale	$	4,871
Property and equipment, net	2,615
Intangible assets, net	4,857
Goodwill	17,182
Other non-current assets	1,252
Non-current assets held for sale	$	25,906
Accounts payable	991
Accrued compensation and employee-related expenses	220
Accrued other	1,864
Contract liabilities	1,546
Liability for uncertain tax positions	223
Current liabilities held for sale	$	4,844
Non-current deferred income tax liability	734
Non-current liabilities held for sale	$	734
Net assets held for sale	$	25,199

The following table presents a reconciliation of the major financial line items constituting the results for discontinued operations to the net income from discontinued operations, net of tax, presently separately in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss):



	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2019			2018
Sales:
Service sales	$	5,769		$	17,732

Costs, expenses and other expense, net:
Costs of service sales	1,807			5,148
Sales, marketing and support	1,606			4,339
General and administrative	1,619			4,763
Other expense, net	(23		)	(51		)
Income from discontinued operations before tax expense	714			3,431
Gain on sale of discontinued operations before tax expense	53,711			—
Total income from discontinued operations before tax expense	$	54,425		$	3,431
Income tax expense on discontinued operations	5,161			219
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes	$	49,264		$	3,212

Net income from discontinued operations per common share
Basic and diluted	$	2.82		$	0.19
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted	17,459			17,072

The following table presents supplemental cash flow information of the discontinued operations:



	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2019			2018

Cash (used in) provided by operating activities—discontinued operations	$	(2,638	)	$	6,614
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities—discontinued operations	$	87,986		$	(2,110	)

Commitment and Contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of future minimum rental payments for operating leases

The following reflects future minimum payments under operating leases and other commitments that have initial or remaining non-cancelable terms at December 31, 2019:



Years ending December 31,	Commitments (a)
2020	$	26,079
2021	18,964
2022	9,908
2023	3,182
2024	776
Thereafter	255
Total minimum payments	$	59,164

(a) Includes the future minimum lease payments for the Company's operating leases as seen in Note 17.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Intangible assets arose from an acquisition made prior to 2013 and the acquisition of KVH Media Group (acquired as Headland Media Limited) in May 2013. Intangibles arising from the acquisition made prior to 2013 were amortized on a straight-line basis over an estimated useful life of 7 years. Intangibles arising from the acquisition of KVH Media Group are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of: (i) 10 years for acquired subscriber relationships and (ii) 15 years for distribution rights. The intangibles arising from the KVH Media Group were recorded in pounds sterling and fluctuations in exchange rates cause these amounts to increase or decrease from time to time.

In January 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of certain subscriber relationships from a third party. This acquisition did not meet the definition of a business under ASC 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805)-Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which the Company adopted on October 1, 2016. The Company ascribed $100 of the initial purchase price to the acquired subscriber relationships definite-lived intangible assets with an initial estimated useful life of 10 years. Under the asset purchase agreement, the purchase price includes a component of contingent consideration under which the Company is required to pay a percentage of recurring revenues received from the acquired subscriber relationships through 2026 up to a maximum annual payment of $114. As of December 31, 2019, the carrying value of the intangible assets acquired in the asset acquisition was $271. As the acquisition did not represent a business combination, the contingent consideration arrangement is recognized only when the contingency is resolved and the consideration is paid or becomes payable. The amounts payable under the contingent consideration arrangement, if any, will be included in the measurement of the cost of the acquired subscriber relationships. During the year ended December 31, 2019, $94 additional consideration was earned under the contingent consideration arrangement.

Acquired intangible assets are subject to amortization. The following table summarizes other intangible assets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively:



	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Value
December 31, 2019
Subscriber relationships	$	7,860	$	5,231	$	2,629
Distribution rights	4,313		1,999		2,314
Internally developed software	446		446		—
Proprietary content	153		153		—
Intellectual property	2,284		2,284		—
	$	15,056	$	10,113	$	4,943
December 31, 2018
Subscriber relationships	$	7,678	$	4,519	$	3,159
Distribution rights	4,233		1,731		2,502
Internally developed software	446		446		—
Proprietary content	153		153		—
Intellectual property	2,284		2,284		—
	$	14,794	$	9,133	$	5,661

Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $980 and $1,008 for years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and was categorized as general administrative expense.

As of December 31, 2019, the total weighted average remaining useful lives of the definite-lived intangible assets was 4.5 years and the weighted average remaining useful lives by the definite-lived intangible asset category are as follows:



Intangible Asset	Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life in Years
Subscriber relationships	3.5
Distribution rights	8.3

Estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets recorded by the Company at December 31, 2019 is as follows:



Years ending December 31,	Amortization Expense
2020	1,017
2021	1,017
2022	1,017
2023	561
Thereafter	1,331
Total amortization expense	$	4,943

The changes in the carrying amount of intangible assets during the year ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:



	2019
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	5,661
Amortization expense	(980		)
Intangibles assets acquired in asset acquisition	94
Foreign currency translation adjustment	168
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	4,943

Goodwill is recorded when the consideration for an acquisition exceeds the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired. All of the Company's goodwill as of December 31, 2019 relates to its mobile connectivity reportable segment. None of the Company's goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the year ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:



	Goodwill
Balance at December 31, 2018	15,031
Foreign currency translation adjustment	377
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	15,408

Quarterly Financial Results (Unaudited)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Quarterly Financial Results (Unaudited)

The following financial information for interim periods includes transactions which affect comparability of the quarterly results for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Financial information for interim periods was as follows:



	First Quarter			Second Quarter			Third Quarter			Fourth Quarter
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
2019
Product sales^(a)	$	13,215		$	15,189		$	14,808		$	18,713
Service sales	23,161			24,541			24,503			23,763
Cost of product sales ^(a)	8,284			12,649			10,823			11,131
Cost of service sales	15,373			15,379			15,029			15,475
Operating expenses ^(a)	18,953			18,381			18,317			19,195
Loss from continuing operations ^(a)	(6,234		)	(6,679		)	(4,858		)	(3,325		)
Net loss from continuing operations ^(a)	(6,497		)	(3,294		)	(3,308		)	(2,910		)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations	243			50,630			(1,036		)	(573		)
Net (loss) income ^(a)	$	(6,254	)	$	47,336		$	(4,344	)	$	(3,483	)
Net loss continuing operations per share ^(b):
Basic	$	(0.38	)	$	(0.19	)	$	(0.19	)	$	(0.17	)
Diluted	$	(0.38	)	$	(0.19	)	$	(0.19	)	$	(0.17	)
Net income (loss) discontinued operations per share ^(b):
Basic	$	0.01		$	2.90		$	(0.06	)	$	(0.03	)
Diluted	$	0.01		$	2.90		$	(0.06	)	$	(0.03	)
Net (loss) income per share ^(b):
Basic	$	(0.36	)	$	2.71		$	(0.25	)	$	(0.20	)
Diluted	$	(0.36	)	$	2.71		$	(0.25	)	$	(0.20	)
2018
Product sales	$	13,992		$	16,162		$	16,367		$	16,756
Service sales	21,413			22,470			22,945			22,924
Cost of product sales	8,923			10,094			9,767			10,726
Cost of service sales	12,370			14,231			14,133			14,708
Operating expenses	17,944			16,887			17,269			16,623
Loss from continuing operations	(3,832		)	(2,580		)	(1,857		)	(2,377		)
Net loss from continuing operations	(4,446		)	(2,402		)	(1,931		)	(2,665		)
Net income from discontinued operations	553			1,059			757			843
Net loss	$	(3,893	)	$	(1,343	)	$	(1,174	)	$	(1,822	)
Net loss continuing operations per share ^(b):
Basic	$	(0.27	)	$	(0.14	)	$	(0.11	)	$	(0.15	)
Diluted	$	(0.27	)	$	(0.14	)	$	(0.11	)	$	(0.15	)
Net income discontinued operations per share^(b):
Basic	$	0.03		$	0.06		$	0.04		$	0.05
Diluted	$	0.03		$	0.06		$	0.04		$	0.05
Net loss per share ^(b):
Basic	$	(0.23	)	$	(0.08	)	$	(0.07	)	$	(0.11	)
Diluted	$	(0.23	)	$	(0.08	)	$	(0.07	)	$	(0.11	)


(a)	The Company’s product sales, costs of product sales, sales, marketing and support expense, income tax benefit and net loss from continuing operations for 2019 include adjustments to correct immaterial prior period accounting errors related to the implementation and application of ASC 606. See Note 11 of our consolidated financial statements for more information.


(b)	Net loss per share is computed independently for each of the quarters. Therefore, the net loss per share for the four quarters may not equal the annual net loss per share data.

401(k) Plan	12 Months Ended
401(k) Plan	Dec. 31, 2019
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
401(k) Plan	401(k) Plan The Company has a 401(k) Plan (the Plan) for all eligible employees. Participants may defer a portion of their pre-tax earnings subject to limits determined by the Internal Revenue Service. Participants age 50 or older may be eligible to make additional contributions. As of December 31, 2019, the Company matches 6% contributed by the Plan participants. The Company’s contributions vest over a five-year period from the date of hire. Total Company matching contributions were $822 and $726 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. In addition, the Company may make contributions to the Plan at the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. There were no discretionary contributions in 2019 and 2018.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

General Discussion of Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

Effective April 1, 2010, in order to reduce the volatility of cash outflows that arise from changes in interest rates, the Company entered into two interest rate swap agreements. These interest rate swap agreements were intended to hedge the Company’s mortgage loan related to its headquarters facility in Middletown, Rhode Island by fixing the interest rates specified in the mortgage loan to 5.9% for half of the principal amount outstanding and 6.1% for the remaining half of the principal amount outstanding as of April 1, 2010 until the mortgage loan expired on April 16, 2019. The Company does not use derivatives for speculative purposes. For a derivative that is designated as a cash flow hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (AOCI) to the extent the derivative is effective at offsetting the changes in the cash flows being hedged until the hedged item affects earnings. As the Company made the required principal and interest payments under the mortgage loan and the related interest rate swaps were settled, the Company reclassified to earnings the amounts recorded in AOCI related to the changes in the fair value of the settled interest rate swaps. To the extent there is any hedge ineffectiveness, changes in fair value relating to the ineffective portion are immediately recognized in earnings in other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations. The interest rate swap was recorded within accrued other liabilities on the balance sheet. The critical terms of the interest rate swaps were designed to mirror the terms of the Company’s mortgage loans. The Company designated these derivatives as cash flow hedges of the variability of the LIBOR-based interest payments on principal over a nine-year period, which ended on April 1, 2019. On April 1, 2019, the two interest rate swaps matured and the Company made its final payment for its mortgage loan thereafter.

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had the following outstanding interest rate derivatives that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk:



Interest Rate Derivatives	Notional (in thousands)		Asset (Liability)		Effective Date	Maturity Date	Index	Strike Rate
Interest rate swap	$	1,299	(5	)	April 1, 2010	April 1, 2019	1-month LIBOR	5.91	%
Interest rate swap	$	1,299	(6	)	April 1, 2010	April 1, 2019	1-month LIBOR	6.07	%

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Sales:
Net sales	$ 157,893	$ 153,029
Costs and expenses:
Research and development	15,926	14,951
Sales, marketing and support	33,434	30,571
General and administrative	25,486	23,201
Total costs and expenses	178,989	163,675
Loss from operations	(21,096)	(10,646)
Interest income	2,003	622
Interest expense	1,020	1,784
Other income, net	101	710
Loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	(20,012)	(11,098)
Income tax (benefit) expense from continuing operations	(4,003)	346
Net loss from continuing operations	(16,009)	(11,444)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax	49,264	3,212
Net income (loss)	$ 33,255	$ (8,232)
Net loss from continuing operations per common share
Basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.92)	$ (0.67)
Net income from discontinued operations per common share
Basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	2.82	0.19
Net income (loss) per common share
Basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 1.90	$ (0.48)
Number of shares used in per share calculation:
Basic and diluted (in shares)	17,459	17,072
Product
Sales:
Net sales	$ 61,925	$ 63,277
Costs and expenses:
Cost of product and service sales	42,887	39,510
Service
Sales:
Net sales	95,968	89,752
Costs and expenses:
Cost of product and service sales	$ 61,256	$ 55,442

Stockholders' Equity (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Stock-Based Compensation (Textual) [Abstract]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 4,159	$ 3,321
Number of shares authorized (in shares)	3,000,000
Number of additional shares authorized (in shares)	1,690,000
Stock-based compensation awards excluding ESPP
Stock-Based Compensation (Textual) [Abstract]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 4,099	3,267
Stock options
Stock-Based Compensation (Textual) [Abstract]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,076	$ 856
Stock award, vesting period	4 years
Stock award, exercise period	5 years
Awards other than options, decrease in number of shares reserved for issuance (in shares)	2
Common stock, shares reserved for issuance (in shares)	12,415,000
Number of shares available for future grants (in shares)	402,000
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Weighted-average fair value per share, options granted (in dollars per share)	$ 3.09	$ 3.82
Stock options, total intrinsic value of options exercised	$ 108	$ 163
Unrecognized compensation expense	$ 3,032
Weighted-average period of recognition (in years)	2 years 7 months 24 days
Cash received under stock option plans for exercises	$ 286	317
Restricted stock
Stock-Based Compensation (Textual) [Abstract]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 3,023	$ 2,411
Stock award, vesting period	4 years
Unrecognized compensation expense	$ 3,350
Weighted-average period of recognition (in years)	2 years 1 month 20 days
Granted (in shares)	322,000	200,000
Weighted-average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 9.67	$ 11.47
Employee stock purchase plan
Stock-Based Compensation (Textual) [Abstract]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 60	$ 54
Number of shares available for future grants (in shares)	891,000
Shares issued (in shares)	45,000	17,000
Employee stock purchase plan, discount percentage attributable to compensation expense	15.00%
Cash received under the employee stock purchase plan	$ 414	$ 167
Employee stock purchase plan \| Maximum
Stock-Based Compensation (Textual) [Abstract]
Employee election percentage of pre-tax compensation withheld to purchase Company's common stock shares	6.00%
ESPP Plan \| Employee stock purchase plan
Stock-Based Compensation (Textual) [Abstract]
Number of shares authorized (in shares)	1,650,000
Percentage of Company's common stock share price	85.00%

Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Intangibles Rollforward (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Balance at December 31, 2018	$ 5,661
Amortization expense	(980)	$ (1,008)
Intangibles assets acquired in asset acquisition	94
Foreign currency translation adjustment	168
Balance at December 31, 2019	$ 4,943	$ 5,661

401(k) Plan (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
401(k) Plan (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Employer matching contribution	6.00%
Vesting period	5 years
Employer matching contribution, amount	$ 822,000	$ 726,000
Discretionary contributions	$ 0	$ 0

Segment Reporting

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Reporting

The Company's reportable segments are mobile connectivity and inertial navigation. The financial results of each segment are based on revenues from external customers, cost of revenue and operating expenses that are directly attributable to the segment and an allocation of costs from shared functions. These shared functions include, but are not limited to, facilities, human resources, information technology, and engineering. Allocations are made based on management’s judgment of the most relevant factors, such as head count, number of customer sites, or other operational data that contribute to the shared costs. Certain corporate-level costs have not been allocated as they are not directly attributable to either segment. These costs primarily consist of broad corporate functions, including executive, legal, finance, and costs associated with corporate actions. Segment-level asset information has not been provided as such information is not reviewed by the chief operating decision-maker for purposes of assessing segment performance and allocating resources. There are no inter-segment sales or transactions. As discussed in Note 1, the Company’s Videotel business, which had previously been included in the mobile connectivity segment, has been classified as discontinued operations and therefore excluded from the segment information below.

The Company's performance is impacted by the levels of activity in the marine and land mobile markets and defense sectors, among others. Performance in any particular period could be impacted by the timing of sales to certain large customers.

The mobile connectivity segment primarily manufactures and distributes a comprehensive family of mobile satellite antenna products and services that provide access to television, the Internet and voice services while on the move. Product sales within the mobile connectivity segment accounted for approximately 20% of our consolidated net sales for both 2019 and 2018. Sales of mini-VSAT Broadband airtime service accounted for approximately 48% and 46% of our consolidated net sales for 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The inertial navigation segment manufactures and distributes a portfolio of digital compass and fiber optic gyro (FOG)-based systems that address the rigorous requirements of military and commercial customers and provide reliable, easy-to-use and continuously available navigation and pointing data. The principal product categories in this segment include the FOG-based inertial measurement units (IMUs) for precision guidance, FOGs for tactical navigation as well as pointing and stabilization systems, and digital compasses that provide accurate heading information for demanding applications, security, automation and access control equipment and systems. Sales of FOG-based guidance and navigation systems within the inertial navigation segment accounted for approximately 16% and 17% of consolidated net sales for 2019 and 2018, respectively.

No other single product class accounts for 10% or more of consolidated net sales.

The Company operates in a number of major geographic areas, including internationally. Revenues from international locations, primarily consisting of Canada, European countries, both inside and outside the European Union, as well as Africa, Asia/Pacific, the Middle East, and India. Revenues are based upon customer location and internationally represented 54% and 57% of consolidated net sales for 2019 and 2018, respectively. No individual foreign country represented 10% or more of the Company's consolidated net sales for 2019 or 2018.

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the long-lived tangible assets related to the Company’s international subsidiaries were less than 10% of the Company’s long-lived tangible assets and were deemed not material.



	For the year ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Net sales:
Mobile connectivity	$	122,015		$	115,926
Inertial navigation	35,878			37,103
Consolidated net sales	$	157,893		$	153,029

Operating (loss) income:
Mobile connectivity	$	(5,569	)	$	681
Inertial navigation	2,961			4,917
Subtotal	(2,608		)	5,598
Unallocated, net	(18,488		)	(16,244		)
Loss from operations	(21,096		)	(10,646		)
Net interest and other income (expense)	1,084			(452		)
Loss from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	$	(20,012	)	$	(11,098	)

Depreciation expense and amortization expense for the Company's segments are presented in the table that follows for the periods presented:



	For the year ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Depreciation expense:
Mobile connectivity	$	7,084	$	5,440
Inertial navigation	1,155		1,048
Unallocated	559		538
Total consolidated depreciation expense	$	8,798	$	7,026

Amortization expense:
Mobile connectivity	$	980	$	1,008
Inertial navigation	—		—
Unallocated	—		—
Total consolidated amortization expense	$	980	$	1,008

Stockholders' Equity - Stock Options Outstanding Rollforward (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Number of Options
Outstanding at December 31 (in shares)	1,276	1,064
Granted (in shares)	630	404
Exercised (in shares)	(37)	(40)
Expired, canceled or forfeited (in shares)	(245)	(152)
Outstanding at December 31 (in shares)	1,624	1,276
Exercisable at December 31 (in shares)	440	379
Options vested or expected to vest, number of option (in shares)	1,624	1,276
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at December 31 (in dollars per share)	$ 10.28	$ 10.06
Granted (in dollars per share)	9.48	11.30
Exercised (in dollars per share)	7.89	7.93
Expired, canceled or forfeited (in dollars per share)	11.35	12.14
Outstanding at December 31 (in dollars per share)	9.86	10.28
Exercisable at December 31 (in dollars per share)	10.26	10.98
Options vested or expected to vest, weighted average exercise price (in shares)	$ 9.86	$ 10.28
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Stock options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life	3 years 2 months 30 days	3 years 1 month 23 days
Stock options, Exercisable, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life	2 years 26 days	1 year 8 months 6 days
Options vested or expected to vest, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life	3 years 2 months 30 days	3 years 1 month 23 days
Stock options, Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value	$ 2,325	$ 1,078
Stock options, Exercisable, Aggregate Intrinsic Value	572	211
Options vested or expected to vest, Aggregate Intrinsic Value	$ 2,325	$ 1,078

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of allowance for doubtful accounts

Activity within the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts for the periods presented is as follows:



	2019			2018
Beginning balance	$	2,390		$	2,334
(Subtractions) additions	(189		)	375
Deductions (write-offs/recoveries) from reserve	(612		)	(319		)
Ending balance	$	1,589		$	2,390

Summary of product warranty activity

The following table summarizes product warranty activity during 2019 and 2018:



	2019			2018
Beginning balance	$	1,916		$	2,074
Charges to expense	2,186			2,060
Costs incurred	(1,908		)	(2,218		)
Ending balance	$	2,194		$	1,916

Revenue and related development costs from customer-funded research and development are as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Customer-funded service sales	$	5,816	$	4,563
Customer-funded costs included in costs of service sales	4,373		3,087

Schedule of reconciliation of basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding

A reconciliation of the basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding is as follows:



	2019	2018
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic	17,459	17,072
Dilutive common shares issuable in connection with stock plans	—	—
Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted	17,459	17,072

Marketable Securities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Marketable Securities

Marketable securities consisted of the following as of December 31, 2019 and 2018:



December 31, 2019	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Money market mutual funds	$	29,907	$	—	$	—	$	29,907
Total marketable securities designated as available-for-sale	$	29,907	$	—	$	—	$	29,907



December 31, 2018	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Money market mutual funds	$	25	$	—	$	—	$	25
Total marketable securities designated as available-for-sale	$	25	$	—	$	—	$	25

The amortized costs and fair value of debt securities as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 are shown below by effective maturity. Effective maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties.



December 31, 2019	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in less than one year	$	—	$	—
December 31, 2018	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in less than one year	$	—	$	—

Interest income from cash equivalents and marketable securities was $480 and $18 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Property and Equipment

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment, net, as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 consist of the following:



	December 31,
	2019			2018
Land	$	3,828		$	3,828
Building and improvements	24,172			24,060
Leasehold improvements	501			478
Revenue-generating assets	47,010			38,066
Machinery and equipment	18,022			17,239
Office and computer equipment	14,054			12,681
Motor vehicles	31			31
	107,618			96,383
Less accumulated depreciation	(54,034		)	(45,750		)
	$	53,584		$	50,633

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 amounted to $8,798 and $7,026, respectively.

Certain revenue-generating hardware assets are utilized by the Company in the delivery of the Company's airtime services, media, and other content.

Stockholders' Equity - Weighted-Average Assumptions (Details) - Stock options	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Schedule of weighted-average assumptions used to value options as of their grant date
Risk-free interest rate	1.91%	2.81%
Expected volatility	36.90%	36.60%
Expected life (in years)	4 years 3 months 8 days	4 years 3 months 13 days
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%

Discontinued Operations Supplemental Cash Flow for Discontinued Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash (used in) provided by operating activities—discontinued operations		$ 6,614
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities—discontinued operations		$ (2,110)
Discontinued Operations, Disposed of by Sale
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash (used in) provided by operating activities—discontinued operations	$ (2,638)
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities—discontinued operations	$ 87,986

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Allowance For Doubtful Accounts Rollforward (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 2,390	$ 2,334
(Subtractions) additions	131	(657)
Deductions (write-offs/recoveries) from reserve	(612)	(319)
Ending balance	1,589	2,390
Allowance, net of FX
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable [Roll Forward]
(Subtractions) additions	$ (189)	$ 375

Marketable Securities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Available-for-sale securities

Marketable securities consisted of the following as of December 31, 2019 and 2018:



December 31, 2019	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Money market mutual funds	$	29,907	$	—	$	—	$	29,907
Total marketable securities designated as available-for-sale	$	29,907	$	—	$	—	$	29,907



December 31, 2018	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Money market mutual funds	$	25	$	—	$	—	$	25
Total marketable securities designated as available-for-sale	$	25	$	—	$	—	$	25

Available-for-sale securities, debt maturities, amortized cost and fair value basis



December 31, 2019	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in less than one year	$	—	$	—
December 31, 2018	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in less than one year	$	—	$	—

Commitment and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2020	$ 26,079
2021	18,964
2022	9,908
2023	3,182
2024	776
Thereafter	255
Total minimum payments	59,164
Purchase Commitment
Operating Leased Assets [Line Items]
Unconditional purchase order obligations	24,679
Facility
Operating Leased Assets [Line Items]
Operating leases, rent expense	675	$ 741
Satellite Capacity and Equipment
Operating Leased Assets [Line Items]
Operating leases, rent expense	$ 36,390	$ 34,644

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Description of Business


•	the mobile connectivity segment and


•	the inertial navigation segment

KVH’s inertial navigation service sales include product repairs, engineering services provided under development contracts and extended warranty sales.

Principles of Consolidation

Significant Estimates and Assumptions and Other Significant Non-Recurring Transactions

During the first quarter of 2018, the Company entered into a five-year finance lease for three satellite hubs for the HTS network. Please see Note 17 for further discussion.

During the second quarter of 2019, the Company sold Videotel. Please see Notes 18 for further discussion.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Single Source Suppliers



	2019			2018
Beginning balance	$	2,390		$	2,334
(Subtractions) additions	(189		)	375
Deductions (write-offs/recoveries) from reserve	(612		)	(319		)
Ending balance	$	1,589		$	2,390

Revenue Recognition / Shipping and Handling Costs

Revenue Recognition

1) Identify the contract with a customer

2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract

3) Determine the transaction price

4) Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract

5) Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies a performance obligation

Product sales

Contracts with multiple performance obligations

Satellite connectivity and media content service sales

•


•	The Company has discretion in establishing pricing, as the pricing under its arrangements with the subscribers is negotiated through a contracting process. The Company then separately negotiates the fees with the applicable satellite service providers.


•	The Company has complete discretion in determining which satellite service providers it will contract with.

Inertial navigation service sales

Product service sales

Shipping and Handling Costs

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities

Inventories

Property and Equipment

Goodwill, Intangible Assets and other Long-Lived Assets

Other Non-Current Assets

Other non-current assets are primarily comprised of long-term lease receivables, prepaid expenses, and deposits.

Product Warranty

Research and Development

Expenditures for research and development, including customer-funded research and development, are expensed as incurred.

Advertising Costs

Foreign Currency Translation

Income Taxes

The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. and in numerous foreign jurisdictions. The Company accounts for income taxes following ASC Topic 740, Accounting for Income Taxes.

Net Loss per Common Share

Contingent Liabilities

Operating Segments

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Standards Implemented

ASC Updates No. 2016-02, 2018-10, 2018-11, and 2018-20

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases. Update No. 2018-10 made corrections to and further clarified Topic 842.

ASC Update No. 2017-12

ASC Update No. 2018-07

Standards to be Implemented

ASC Update No. 2016-13, ASC Update No. 2018-19, ASC Update No. 2019-04, ASC Update No. 2019-05, ASC Update No. 2019-10 and ASC Update No. 2019-11

In May 2019, the FASB issued ASC Update No. 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial

ASC Update No. 2018-13

ASC Update No. 2018-15

ASC Update No. 2018-18

ASC Update No. 2019-08

ASC Update No. 2019-12

There are no other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB that the Company expects would have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Total

Common Stock

Additional Paid-in Capital

(Accumulated Deficit) Retained Earnings

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Treasury Stock

Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2017

$ 105,665

$ 188

$ 134,361

$ (4,417)

$ (11,317)

$ (13,150)

Beginning Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2017

18,788,000

Beginning Balance, treasury stock, shares at Dec. 31, 2017

(1,659,000)

Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]

Net income (loss)

(8,232)

Other comprehensive (loss) income

(3,414)

^[1]

(3,414)

Stock-based compensation

3,321

Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan

167

Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan, shares

17,000

Sales of treasury stock

4,464

1,478

$ 2,986

Sale of treasury stock, shares

377,000

Exercise of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures

$ 292

$ 2

290

Exercise of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures, shares

221,000

Ending Balance, treasury stock, shares at Dec. 31, 2018

(1,282,422)

(1,282,000)

Ending Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2018

17,743,971

19,026,000

Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2018

$ 99,515

$ 190

139,617

(15,397)

(14,731)

$ (10,164)

Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]

Net income (loss)

33,255

Other comprehensive (loss) income

11,964

^[1]

11,964

Stock-based compensation

4,159

Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan

414

Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan, shares

45,000

Acquisition of treasury stock

(1,297)

$ (1,297)

Acquisition of treasury stock, shares

(115,000)

Exercise of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures

$ 299

$ 4

295

Exercise of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures, shares

328,000

Ending Balance, treasury stock, shares at Dec. 31, 2019

(1,397,438)

(1,397,000)

Ending Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2019

18,001,261

19,399,000

Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2019

$ 149,989

$ 194

$ 144,485

$ 19,538

$ (2,767)

$ (11,461)

[1]	Tax impact was nominal for all periods.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

General Discussion of Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]

Schedule of interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk

As of December 31, 2018, the Company had the following outstanding interest rate derivatives that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk:



Interest Rate Derivatives	Notional (in thousands)		Asset (Liability)		Effective Date	Maturity Date	Index	Strike Rate
Interest rate swap	$	1,299	(5	)	April 1, 2010	April 1, 2019	1-month LIBOR	5.91	%
Interest rate swap	$	1,299	(6	)	April 1, 2010	April 1, 2019	1-month LIBOR	6.07	%

Debt and Line of Credit (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Long-term Debt Instruments

Long-term debt consists of the following:



	December 31,
	2019		2018
2018 term notes	$	—	$	21,938
2018 revolver	—		5,000
Mortgage loan	—		2,597
Total long-term debt	—		29,535
Less debt issuance costs for 2018 term note (a)	—		170
Total debt less debt issuance costs	—		29,365
Less amounts classified as current	—		9,928
Long-term debt, excluding current portion	$	—	$	19,437

(a) - As of December 31, 2018, debt issuance costs classified as current and long-term are $60 and $110, respectively.

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of long-debt instruments or arrangements, including identification, terms, features, collateral requirements and other information necessary to a fair presentation. These are debt arrangements that originally required repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the entity, if longer.

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+ Details

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Details) - Interest Rate Swap $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
First Half of Mortgage
Schedule of interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk
Notional (in thousands)	$ 1,299
Asset (Liability)	$ (5)
Effective Date	Apr. 01, 2010
Maturity Date	Apr. 01, 2019
Second Half of Mortgage
Schedule of interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk
Notional (in thousands)	$ 1,299
Asset (Liability)	$ (6)
Effective Date	Apr. 01, 2010
Maturity Date	Apr. 01, 2019
Mortgage loan \| First Half of Mortgage
Schedule of interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk
Strike Rate	5.90%
Mortgage loan \| Second Half of Mortgage
Schedule of interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk
Strike Rate	6.10%

Discontinued Operations (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Schedule of Discontinued Operations

Discontinued Operations



	December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,838
Accounts receivable, net	1,071
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	962
Current assets held for sale	$	4,871
Property and equipment, net	2,615
Intangible assets, net	4,857
Goodwill	17,182
Other non-current assets	1,252
Non-current assets held for sale	$	25,906
Accounts payable	991
Accrued compensation and employee-related expenses	220
Accrued other	1,864
Contract liabilities	1,546
Liability for uncertain tax positions	223
Current liabilities held for sale	$	4,844
Non-current deferred income tax liability	734
Non-current liabilities held for sale	$	734
Net assets held for sale	$	25,199



	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2019			2018
Sales:
Service sales	$	5,769		$	17,732

Costs, expenses and other expense, net:
Costs of service sales	1,807			5,148
Sales, marketing and support	1,606			4,339
General and administrative	1,619			4,763
Other expense, net	(23		)	(51		)
Income from discontinued operations before tax expense	714			3,431
Gain on sale of discontinued operations before tax expense	53,711			—
Total income from discontinued operations before tax expense	$	54,425		$	3,431
Income tax expense on discontinued operations	5,161			219
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes	$	49,264		$	3,212

Net income from discontinued operations per common share
Basic and diluted	$	2.82		$	0.19
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted	17,459			17,072

The following table presents supplemental cash flow information of the discontinued operations:



	Year Ended
	December 31,
	2019			2018

Cash (used in) provided by operating activities—discontinued operations	$	(2,638	)	$	6,614
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities—discontinued operations	$	87,986		$	(2,110	)

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of information related to a disposal group. Includes, but is not limited to, a discontinued operation, disposal classified as held-for-sale or disposed of by means other than sale or disposal of an individually significant component.

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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 205
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4A
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=109222650&loc=SL51721663-107760

+ Details

Segment Reporting (Details Textual) - Sales	12 Months Ended
Segment Reporting (Details Textual) - Sales	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Product Sales Concentration Risk \| Mobile Connectivity
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	20.00%
Geographic Concentration Risk \| Non-US
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	54.00%	57.00%
Mini-VSAT Broadband Airtime Service \| Service Sales Concentration Risk \| Mobile Connectivity
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	48.00%	46.00%
FOG-based Guidance and Navigation Systems \| Product Sales Concentration Risk \| Intertial Navigation
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	16.00%	17.00%

Income Taxes - Income Tax Expense (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Abstract]
Current federal tax expense (benefit)	$ (196)	$ (3)
Deferred federal income tax expense (benefit)	(4,741)	(12)
Federal income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations	(4,937)	(15)
Current state and local tax expense (benefit)	(28)	(59)
Deferred state and local income tax expense (benefit)	(29)	(4)
State and local income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations	(57)	(63)
Current foreign tax expense (benefit)	1,143	596
Deferred foreign income tax expense (benefit)	(152)	(172)
Foreign income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations	991	424
Current income tax expense (benefit)	919	534
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)	(4,922)	(188)
Income tax (benefit) expense	$ (4,003)	$ 346

Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of finite-lived intangible assets

The changes in the carrying amount of intangible assets during the year ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:



	2019
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	5,661
Amortization expense	(980		)
Intangibles assets acquired in asset acquisition	94
Foreign currency translation adjustment	168
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	4,943



Intangible Asset	Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life in Years
Subscriber relationships	3.5
Distribution rights	8.3

The following table summarizes other intangible assets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively:



	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Value
December 31, 2019
Subscriber relationships	$	7,860	$	5,231	$	2,629
Distribution rights	4,313		1,999		2,314
Internally developed software	446		446		—
Proprietary content	153		153		—
Intellectual property	2,284		2,284		—
	$	15,056	$	10,113	$	4,943
December 31, 2018
Subscriber relationships	$	7,678	$	4,519	$	3,159
Distribution rights	4,233		1,731		2,502
Internally developed software	446		446		—
Proprietary content	153		153		—
Intellectual property	2,284		2,284		—
	$	14,794	$	9,133	$	5,661

Schedule of finite-lived intangible assets, future amortization expense

Estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets recorded by the Company at December 31, 2019 is as follows:



Years ending December 31,	Amortization Expense
2020	1,017
2021	1,017
2022	1,017
2023	561
Thereafter	1,331
Total amortization expense	$	4,943

Schedule of goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the year ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:



	Goodwill
Balance at December 31, 2018	15,031
Foreign currency translation adjustment	377
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	15,408

Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	$ 29,907	$ 25
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	0
Fair Value	29,907	25
Money market mutual funds
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	29,907	25
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	0
Fair Value	$ 29,907	$ 25

Stockholders' Equity - Restricted Stock Outstanding Rollforward (Details) - Restricted stock - $ / shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Number of Shares
Outstanding at December 31, unvested (in shares)	526
Granted (in shares)	322	200
Vested (in shares)	(319)
Forfeited (in shares)	(31)
Outstanding at December 31, unvested (in shares)	498	526
Weighted- average grant date fair value
Outstanding at December 31, unvested (in dollars per share)	$ 9.86
Granted (in dollars per share)	9.67	$ 11.47
Vested (in dollars per share)	10.24
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	9.54
Outstanding at December 31, unvested (in dollars per share)	$ 9.51	$ 9.86

Inventories

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value using the first-in first-out costing method. Inventories as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 include the costs of material, labor, and factory overhead. Components of inventories consist of the following:



	December 31,
	2019		2018
Raw materials	$	12,755	$	13,698
Work in process	3,117		2,489
Finished goods	7,593		6,755
	$	23,465	$	22,942

During 2019, the Company recorded an inventory reserve of $2.3 million relating to its TracPhone V-IP products as the Company decided to no longer promote sales of these products and instead to focus its efforts on migrating customers to its HTS network and products.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606) Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Net Sales from Contracts with Customers

The following table summarizes net sales from contracts with customers for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Mobile connectivity product, transferred at point in time	$	26,419	$	26,086
Mobile connectivity product, transferred over time (a)	5,204		5,265
Mobile connectivity service	90,392		84,575
Inertial navigation product	30,302		31,926
Inertial navigation service	5,576		5,177
Total net sales	$	157,893	$	153,029


(a)	Reflects the correction discussed above.

Income Taxes (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Jan. 01, 2019	Jan. 01, 2018	Jan. 01, 2017
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]
General business credit	$ 9
Foreign tax credit carry-forwards	2,345	$ 2,360
Cumulative effect adjustment				$ 1,680	$ (2,748)
Non-current deferred income tax asset	45	226
Valuation allowance, deferred tax asset	308
Interest and penalities	11	16
Non-current income taxes payable	147	136
Reasonably possible decrease in unrecognized tax benefit	32
Reduction to deferred tax assets and corresponding valuation allowance related to 2017 Tax Act	484	$ 484	$ 1,780
Net tax benefit related to estimate of the provisions of the 2017 Tax Act			$ 54
Reduction to deferred tax assets and corresponding valuation allowance related to 2017 Tax Act	2,264
Net tax benefit related to 2017 Tax Act	54
Transitional toll tax related to 2017 Tax Act	1,209
Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 \| Deferred Tax Assets, Tax Credit Carryforwards And Operating Loss Carryforwards
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]
Cumulative effect adjustment						$ 1,117
Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 \| Accounting Standards Update 2014-09
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]
Non-current deferred income tax asset					$ 202
State and Local Jurisdiction
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]
Unrecognized excess tax benefit	138
Research Tax Credit Carryforward \| Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]
Unrecognized excess tax benefit	5,234
Research Tax Credit Carryforward \| State and Local Jurisdiction
Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]
Unrecognized excess tax benefit	$ 3,844

Stockholders' Equity - AOCI Disclosure (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2018

Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

$ 99,515

$ 105,665

473

(3,462)

11,491

^[1]

11,964

(3,414)

Foreign Currency Translation

149,989

99,515

Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

(14,720)

(11,247)

470

(3,473)

11,483

11,953

(3,473)

Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Available for Sale Marketable Securities

(2,767)

(14,720)

Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

(1)

Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]

Interest Rate Swaps

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

(11)

(69)

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

(11)

Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]

(14,731)

(11,317)

11,964

(3,414)